TFIK FA^[ILY \VM IMIA[>II)AE. 113 



plimi!:<'(l into tlic same pad, tVom which it shakes off the now useless larval 

 cuticle, is excccdiniily intcrcsliiio-. 



The division of the family. A word or two should l)e added in rela- 

 tion to the serial order of the ^Toups here employed, as it differs in a slight 

 degree from that g-ivcn in the exeellent sketch which Bates [)refixe(l to his 

 study of the helieonide Lepidoptera of the Amazons Valley. The [)rinci- 

 pal difference consists in reinoxing the Euploeinae * from their exalted 

 position at the sununit of tlie entire rjiopahx-erous series to a comparatively 

 low one near the base of tlie Xym[>halidae, and in closer relation to the 

 Ileliconinae, etc. Our reason for this change lies principally in the 

 character of the clothing of the caterpillar by Avhich it is allied to Liby- 

 theinae. On the other hand the principal objection is the great degree of 

 atropliy found in the front legs of the imago. But as a whole, this atr()])liy 

 is inferior to that of the Satyrinae, and is not much in excess of that found 

 in the otlier members of the family above the Argvnnidi. The absence 

 of a brush of s[)reading hairs still further to conceal their existence should be 

 noted. In a table which should represent the com[)lete affinities of the dif- 

 ferent members of the Nymphalidae, the Euploeinae should not, however, 

 occupy a low position but should be represented rather as in the accom- 

 panying scheme which, as will be seen, is but a comparatively slight modi- 

 fication of that proposed by Bates which we place beside it. 



Satyrinae 



I Morphiiiao 



Danaoid Ilelk'oni.lao Apaturi.li Brass!)linao 



Daiiainac | | | 



I Satyrinae Xyinplialidi Acraeinae 



I I Acraeinae | i 



Krassoliiiae | Vanessidi | 



I Ileliconinae | neliconinae' 



I I Ariivnnidi l 



Xynipiialinae " | | Eupioeinaet 



I ^Felitacidi I 



Liliytliaeinae | | 



Lihvtliaeinae 

 Bates' arrangement. Arraw/ement proposed. 



In a serial arrangement, moreover, such as nuist ))e employed in a sys- 

 tematic work, it becomes desirable to place the Eui)loeinae in close vicin- 

 ity to the Libytheinae on account of the essential similarity of the larvae, 

 as shown by their lack of prominent papillae bearing more or less coarse 

 l)ristles or spines. By the scheme as we arrange it, the naked catei-jiillars 

 are placed in immediate proximity to the Libytheinae, Avhich are at most 

 pilose ; the groups in which the segments form one imdi\ided or nearly 

 undivided section, the Argynnidi, Melitaeidi, Heliconinae, etc., are brought 

 together ; the conspicuously spiny caterpillars are all grouped in near 



* -'Trihu qui a et6 I'ohject dc heanruup Ileliconidae" as a distinct family to whicli he 



.riiL'sitations.'' (Uar.) lias jriven the name Xeotroi)iden. We should 



t = Danaiuae + Danaoid Htiii-onidae of rather rejrard tliem as a trihe, Itlioniyidi, of 



Bates. Schatz has separate<l the "Danaoid the snhfannly Euploeinae. 



