THE SL'BFAMILY SATYRIXAE. 119 



species in this country from specimens sent over utid had an experience 

 siniihir to tliat of Messrs. Ilellins and Buckler, of whicli he will doubtless 

 S(K)u [)ul)lisli the details. ]5ut besides this insect, we now know of at 

 least eight lMn(»[)ean species, mostly referred to Satyrus but some to 

 K[»iuephele and Pararge as well, the chrysalids of which are not suspended ; 

 and so far as yet appears these all belong to the section of 8atyrinae 

 which have vertically ribbed eggs. Most of the species, however, whose 

 transformations are known, suspend themselves after the manner of other 

 Xymphalidae. 



The butterrties may be further distinguished by their })eculiar flight, 

 which is of a feeble, wavering, dancing character and not long sustained; 

 neither do the insects rise far above the ground.* Wallace, in writing of 

 the spacies found on the xVmazons, says he does not "remember to have 

 ever seen any species rise four feet from the earth, while the greater 

 number of them do not exceed as many inches" (Trans. Ent. soc. Lond., 

 (2) ii : 2()1)." They are shade-loving insects. "They chiefly affect the 

 glades and lanes of the woods, being not often seen in the clearing : some- 

 times however they come into our gardens of a morning, but then they fly 

 along close to the ground, beneath the shrubs and in the shelter of the 

 fence, as if shade were more congenial than sunshine. Perhaps as there 

 is a correspondence and a harmony in all the divine works, there may be 

 a reference to these retiring habits in the dull tints common to the tribe 

 and the want of those glowing colors so general among butterflies 

 (Gosse, Alab., 55-56). Some genera of the allied Morphinae, found in 

 S. America, are said by Wallace (loc. cit.) to be "truly crepuscular, 

 never flying by day except when disturbed, but appearing to be volunta- 

 rily active only for about half an hour before sunrise and after sunset ; 

 they remain hid during the day in the gloomiest shades of the forest." 

 Thwaites also, speaking of the subtropical Satyrinae, says (Moore, Lep. 

 Ceylon, i :13) that "their movements are more lively in the early morning 

 and evening during their amatory gambols" : and Xiceville remarks (Butt. 

 India, i : 104) that the hundred or more species of Mycalesis "seldom 

 take flight unless disturbed, except toward evening." 



In certain features the Satyrinae show some curious resemblances to the 

 Hesperidae, a group the farthest possible removed from it among butter- 

 flies. The eggs of the ribbed species closely resemble those of the Hes- 

 peridi in general appearance : the caterpillar at birth has a siinilarly large 

 and striking head, and occasionally the terminal segments of the l)ody 

 are armed with nuich longer cuticular appendages than elsewhere, a 

 common feature among the Pamphilidi ; the mature caterpillar is sluggish 



* Mr. Trimeu says he has "noticed that sess greater powers of flight and a mure 

 those species which do not possess the basal robust structure general ly.'' Rliop.Afr.Aiistr. 

 inflation of the uervures of the forcwings pos- 185. 



