THE GEXERA OF SATYUIXAE. 121 



Greographical distribution. This sul)f:imily is more widely spread 

 over the globe than any other similar group of" butterflies, being universally 

 present wherever butterflies occur. Though, with the allied Morphinae 

 (which perhaps should not be separated from them e\en with a subfamily 

 valuation), it is rei)rcsented in the tropics of America by some of the 

 lai-gest and most brilliant of its class, its members extend to polar colds 

 and alpine summits, and embrace several genera peculiar to such regions. 

 Yet wherever they occur the Satyrinae can be recognized l)y their peculiar 

 faeies, and have nowhere lost their characteristic flight and habits. 



Not only in New England, but in the whole of eastern North America 

 they are very poorly represented ; indeed only about half a dozen species 

 are found in the larger region which do not occur in New England, and 

 they form, in either case, but a mere fragment of the l)utterfly fauna ; in 

 western North America they are a little more abundant, but even there bear 

 no such relation to the general fauna as they do in Europe, where they com- 

 pose nearly one-third of the whole fauna and are relatively more than four 

 times as numerous as in New England. It should be further noted that 

 the bulk of the European fauna belongs to the first section of the family as 

 divided in this work ; while in eastern North America the larger number 

 belongs to the second section. Moreover two of the eastern o-enera belono-ino- 

 to the first section, the only two represented in New England by more than 

 a single si)ecics, are either common to New England and Europe on the 

 one side and the Pacific slope of America on the other, or are represented 

 by very closely allied genera; so far as known, the other genera (of the 

 second section) do not occur in the western part of America, but are more 

 nearly allied to subtropical forms ; — with one exception, Satyrodes, which 

 seems somcAvhat unique. 



Two out of the sixteen recognizable fossil remains of butterflies belong to 

 this subfamily, and both of these come from the same beds in the south of 

 France ; both, too, though belonging to different genera, are much more 

 closely allied to existing Indian forms than to any now living in Europe — 

 a fact which excites more interest from the great abundance and variety of 

 these insects in the Europe of to-day. One of these fossils indeed, Lethites 

 reynesii, is more nearly allied to one of our New England species, Euodia 

 portlandia, than to any of the living European Satyrinae. 



Table of genera of Satyrinae, based on the eyn. 



Surface distinctly furnished with vertical ribs. 



Ribs stout, thickonod at intervals, more or less irregular Oeneis. 



Kibs delicate, nearly uniform and regular Cercyoiiis. 



Surface not vertically ribbed. 



Reticulation inconspicuous; egg distinctly broader than higli. 



Surface completely smooth Enodia. 



Surface faintly and very delicately reticulate Satyrodes. 



Reticulation not inconspicuous; egg almost globular. 



Cells of reticulation as large on the lower as on the upper half of egg.. . .Neonynipha. 

 Cells of reticulation larger on upper than on lower lialf of q%^^ Cissia 



