SATYllIXAi:: OKXKIS JL'TTA. 153 



where it oceui-ft ut (iomiu swunn) about three miles from tlie city near 

 Bergerville, and also at a marshy si)ot or movin<^ l)o^ called Lake Savanna 

 (Bowles, Fvles), while another is at Ottawa, where Mr. Fletcher took one 

 si)ecimen in a city garden. Our last locality is somewhat further south 

 still, and hrings it witliin the limits of the United States and of Xew 

 England, \iz., the Orono-Stillwater bog just north of Bano-or, Maine, 

 (Braun), about 44° 45', the point of its occurrence the fsirthest removed 

 from the arctic regions in either hemisphere. Undoubtedly it will be found 

 in similar localities in the region between this and the St. Lawrence. 



Haunts and larval food plants. AVhcrever it occurs it is confined to 

 morasses, and even to very limited stations within them. Ilolniii'ren 

 calls i)articular attention to this, stating tliat it is found, on the rocky 

 islands near Stockholm, only where sphagnum abounds and that a quarter 

 of a mile therefrom in a marshy area of about fifty acres he has searched in 

 vain for it ; the latter lies higher above the surface of the water than 

 the former, which on its part is also poorer in grasses. Exactlv the same 

 is true near Bangor, and Fyles describes the Quebec locality as a sphagnum 

 marsh in which one sinks to the knee. The Orono-Stillwater boo- is a 

 morass several miles in extent, but jutta's flight is confined, as I learn 

 from Professor Carl Braun, the discoverer of the locality, to a limited section 

 only a few acres in extent. On visiting the place in company with Mr, 

 Braun I found the bog at this point a level morass of sphagnum moss , 

 walking in which with utmost care one always sank more than ankle deep 

 in water ; it was thinly covered with a small growth of spruce and junipei- 

 and sprinkled with little bunches or hummocks of Pirns arbutifolia, Ledum 

 latifolinm and Kalmia glauca ; on these hunmiocks grew also, but sparsely, 

 a little very thin grass and here and there a tuft of Juncus articulatus or a 

 clum[) of Sarracenia. There was besides a slender, sedge-like plant less 

 abundant here than the Juncus. On examination, we discovered that the 

 Juncus grew almost exclusively in the very restricted area of the morass 

 occupied by the butterfly, and hence we conjectured this nuist here be the 

 food [)lant of the caterpillar. In the more open parts of the morass, the 

 Juncus disap[)eared, as did also, to a great extent, the sphagnum, the latter 

 being replaced by another sort of moss, which was accompanied by Andro- 

 meda i)olif()lia, and bv a great abundance of the slender seds^e above 

 mentioned. 



Holmgren tried the young caterpillars which he hatched upon various 

 plants from the morass, including cloudberry, moss, grasses and lichens, 

 and tliey took readily to the grasses. Berg on the other Iiand asserts that 

 a cater[)illar, which lived with him for twehe days but died before its first 

 moult, fed on a lichen (Bryopogon) which he gave it, deceived by my 

 mistake in su[)posing Oeneis semidea fed on lichen. I can only think he 

 was mistaken in supposing that the caterjiillar of jutta actually fed upon it. 



