180 THE BUTTEFLIES OF XEW_ EXGLAXl). 



adapted to its purpose. Great changes are to transpire in the hidden re- 

 cesses of the body ; the outer integument is a compact, hardened case, 

 protected at every needed point by roughened projections or callous 

 shoulders ; all the appendages are securely ensheathed and so cemented to 

 the outer integument as to form part and parcel of it, without disturbing 

 its contours ; all unnecessary openings are firmly closed, and those that re- 

 main are carefully guarded by dense callous spots ; and in addition hooked 

 claws, attached to the thickened tail, fasten the swinging mummy securely 

 in its place. 



From this inert mass shall suddenly spring, like well-clad Minerva from 

 the head of Jove, a creature of no apparent kinship either with the case 

 that enwrapped it or the lowly worm that preceded the chrysalis ; a crea- 

 ture with soft, elastic body, buoyant as the air in which it floats, Avith 

 spreading feelers and broad-spanned wings, clothed with jewelled dust and 

 silken hair which reflect the colors of the rainbow, and in their delicate 

 combinations defy the painter's palette. But how did such a creature, 

 whose plumage is ruflled by a breath of wind, escape from its iron prison, 

 hardened by months of exposure to wintry cold and sleet and sun in rapid 

 succession ? There is a weak point in every structure, and in the chrysa- 

 lis it lies next the point of greatest strength in the captive butterfly. The 

 butterfly never emerges in winter, but when the more genial showers of 

 spring or the damp air of a summer's night have softened the texture of 

 its prison-Avalls, they are further weakened by the moisture now exuded by 

 the twice-bound prisoner, feeling the hour of final release draw near. A 

 suture along the crest of the thorax gives way, often with a perceptible 

 click, to the force of the great muscular mass within ; the rest is easy ; 

 the rent is continued on both sides down other sutures, until a door is 

 open, whose smooth inner walls suffer no harm to the delicate creature 

 struggling to escape. Slowly the limbs are withdrawn from their encase- 

 ments, cautiously the butterfly climbs the friendly twig that has been its 

 support, and sitting in the sunshine dries its moist quivering wings, gently 

 fanning them up and down, until, full of new life and courage, it ventures 

 forth — a thing of beauty and a joy forever. 



ENODIA PORTLANDIA.— The pearly eye. 



[The pearly eye (Gosse) ; pearly wood Ijutterfly (Maynard).] 



Papilio portlandia Fabr., Spec, ius., ii:82 diurn. Lep., ii: 300 (1851);— Morr., Syn. Lep. 



(1781); —Abb., Draw. ins. Ga., Brit, imis., N. Amer., 79 (18G2) ; — Middl., Rep. ius. 111., 



vi : 34, figs. 50-51. x : 92 (1881 ) ; — Edw., Can. eut., xiv : 84-88 



Satyrus portlandia Boisd.-LeC, L(5p. (1882) ; Butt. N. Aui., iii, pi. Debis 1 (1888) ;— 



Auier. sept. ,220-227: pi. 58, tigs. 1-5 (1833). Fern., Butt. Me., 72-74 (1883); —French, 



Debis portlandia Westw.-Hew., Gen. Butt. east. U. S., 229-232, tig. 70 (1880); — 



