242 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



lower three are in a slightly curving row subparallel to the outer border, the lower 

 midway between the spot of the inner row and the outer border ; the spots of both of 

 these rows are normally dull whitish, but are always more or less, and generally consid- 

 erably, obscured by fulvous or reddish scales, so as often to be inconspicuous. The 

 outer limit of the discoidal cell is marked by a rather broad, bent, blacliish bar and 

 a similar, but straight, tliough irregular bar crosses the cell just above the first divari- 

 cation of the median ; following the inner edge of the inner row of pale spots is a 

 continuous or nearly continuous, rather narrow stripe of blaclvish brown; beyond the 

 inner row of pale spots, and sometimes between them and the apex of tlie cell above 

 the median nervure, the wing is more or less obscured witli blackish or brownish fus- 

 cous, deepening in spots of greater or less extent, especially on either side of the pale 

 spots, approaching black in the subcostal interspaces ; where lightest — and some speci- 

 mens show little more tlian a slight inf uscation — enlivened by orange tawny scales ; 

 the outer border is margined with blackish fuscous to the depth of less than half an 

 interspace, and followed by a ligliter stripe, broadening and briglitening as it passes 

 downward, near the inner border as broad as the border, and nearly as bright as the 

 base of tlie wing. Fringe dark fuscous, interrupted ratlier narrowly and inconspicu- 

 ously in the middle of the interspaces with wliite. Hind wings rather more uniformly 

 and extensively tawny tlian the fore wings ; the basal two-thirds are more or less 

 streaked with faint fuscous, a little more intense at its distal limit; in the middle of 

 the outer half of the wing is a series of seven roundish or oval, purplish black, pretty 

 large spots, subparallel to the outer border in all the interspaces from the costal to the 

 submedian nervure ; the first (counting from above) , second and fourth are in a single 

 row, and so are the second, fifth and sixth, and the third, sixth and seventh; the first, 

 third and fourth are round ; the second longitudinally oval, and the lower three are 

 obliquely oval, their major axes directed toward the middle of the costal margin; the 

 first and seventh are small, the others subequal, the second usually a little the largest, the 

 fifth in the middle of the upper median interspace and occupying about three-fifths its 

 width ; these spots are surrounded by a tawny nimbus of greater or less extent, sometimes 

 so extended as to form a continuous band in the middle of which the spots are placed ; 

 the nervules are, however, usually dusky ; the outer border to fully the depth of half 

 an interspace is blackish fuscous, or occasionally tawny fuscous, its interior limit 

 blackish fuscous, in which case it is surmounted by a continuous series of shallow, 

 lunate, slightly pale spots, edged interiorly by a faint line of fuscous. In some 

 instances the whole upper surface of the hind Avings is deeply infuscated with black- 

 ish bi'own, tinged toward the base with tawny, but otherwise uuifonu, excepting a 

 slight tawny edging to the sometimes inconspicuously darker extra-mesial row of spots, 

 and slight broken spots of color, marking the limit of the otherwise indistinguishable 

 outer border of black. Fringe as in the fore wings. 



Under surface of fore wings very pale, dull dirty fulvous at base as far as the extra- 

 mesial row of subtriangular spots, which are more distinct and slightly larger below 

 than above, and bordered interiorly by an almost always continuous, slender, blackish 

 fuscous stripe; the two bars in the cell are also repeated beneath, as well as the outer 

 row of pale spots, which are sometimes white and that in the lower subcostal inter- 

 space sometimes encircled with brownish; the outer half of the wing is brownish, 

 often, and especially in the median area, considerably tinged with feruginous ; there is a 

 submarginal, slender, crenulate stripe, more distinct and broader below than above, of 

 blackish fuscous, sometimes tinged with castaneous, corresponding to the inner limit 

 of the marginal band of upper surface, and outside of which the edge of the wing is 

 slightly tinged, like the outer half of the wing above the median, with dull nacreous : 

 interiorly the submarginal stripe is followed by a series of usually disconnected cres- 

 cents of the same color as the stripe, generally shallow and at less than an interspace's 

 distance from the margin of the wing, but often, and especially in the next to the 

 loAver subcostal and subcosto-median interspaces, high and angulated, — in all cases 

 enclosing between themselves and the submarginal stripe paler spaces, generally sim- 

 ilar in color to the ])order of the wings ; all the veins brownish ; fringe much as above. 

 Hind wing from base to a transverse mesial stripe very dull brownish nacreous, often 



