270 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



Caterpillar. First stage (70 : 7). Head (78 : 31) regular and smooth, yellowish brown, 

 dusted with brown, with a few scattered luteous, scarcely elevated papillae, each giving 

 rise to a short, yellowish hair; ocelli black; most of mouth parts castaueous; labrum 

 and basal joint of antennae whitish ; rest of antennae fuscous. Body slightly lighter than 

 the head, of a dull olivaceous tint, more or less infuscated, sometimes heavily blotched 

 with black laterally, paler or more yelloAvish on the fifth, and darker or duskier on the 

 second and third abdominal segments, sometimes also on the thoracic and sixth and 

 seventh abdominal segments ; the terminal segment pale ; beneath the body is purplish 

 brown, the legs and prolegs concolorous, the claws of the former piceous; surface of 

 body decidedly but very delicately shagreened, the larger papillae (86 : 58) tipped with 

 fuscous. Length of body, 2.75-3.75 mm. ; breadth of same, .5-.G mm. ; of head, .7 mm. 



Second stage. Head (78 : 32) irregular and tuberculate, mostly dark broAvn, including 

 tlie tubercles, but with a broad frontal and lateral stripe pale or white; mouth parts 

 blackish. Body with more contrasted colors than before, mostly blackish both above and 

 beloAv, excepting the dorsal surf aces of the fifth and posterior part of fourth abdominal 

 segments, which are pale luteous, and excepting also the compound tubercles, which 

 are dark olivaceous brown ; the innumerable and now irregular papillae (86 : 59) , whether 

 of l)ody or tubercles, are either of the latter color or luteous or some shade between the 

 two, and the short hairs emitted by them are fuscous; on the fifth abdominal segment 

 the wartlets are all luteous. The legs and prolegs are of the color of the body and 

 the spiracles are piceous with a fuscous aureola. Length of body, 5 mm. ; breadth of 

 same, .7 mm. ; of head, .8 mm. 



In this stage the body is completely roughened with closely set tubercles, particu- 

 larly before it has extended the integuments of the body by feeding. 



Third stage. Head (78 : 33) blackish fuscous, striped with paler colors as in the pre- 

 vious stage, tlie tubercles brownish yelloAv ; mouth parts black. Body blackish fuscous 

 spotted and streaked with velvety black ; on the thoracic segments and the sides of 

 the anterior abdominal segments indistinctly tinged with dirty brownish yellow ; more 

 distinctly in a streak upon the sides of the other abdominal segments, broadening 

 posteriorly on the seventh to the ninth segments. The posterior half of the fourth 

 abdominal segment and the whole of the fifth segment above the spiracles, excepting 

 a small patch in the lower posterior corner of the latter, whitish. Principal tubercles 

 black, beset with brownish yellow warts ; other tubercles brownish yellow or whitish, 

 the latter occurring on the paler parts. A delicate, pale, ventral line along the whole 

 body; spiracles black, surrounded with pale yelloAv; legs and prolegs black. Length, 

 7.75 mm. ; breadth of body, 1.25 mm. ; breadth of head, 1.35 mm. ; length of thoracic 

 tubercles, 1 mm. ; length of tubercles of ninth abdominal segment, .75 mm. 



Fourth stage (78 : 34). In this stage it has assumed all the general appearance of the 

 adult, both in coloration and in the general proportion of the humps and tubercles to the 

 body, but they are all of a smaller size, and the larger tubercles of a sliglitly different 

 shape. The liody is now not nearly so closely beset with tubercles as before. Length 

 of body, 20 mm. ; breadth, 3.75 mm. ; length of tubercle of second thoracic segment, 

 3 mm. 



Last stage (74 : 19, 22, 2-1). Head (78 : 35) reddish or purplish brown, each side with 

 two longitudinal yellowish broAvn streaks uniting in a curve just above the base of the 

 antennae; tubercles mostly reddish brown, often a little darker than the head, those 

 of the liinder edge pale ; the large tubercle of summit reddish brown, surrounded by 

 paler ones; it is higher than broad, tlie sides not swollen, though often appearing so 

 by the crowded Avartlets, apparently larger at summit tlian at base, crowned Avith pretty 

 large, conical, pointed wartlets, wliicli materially increase in size, and in front of them 

 two circular, smooth warts larger than the others ; base of antennae pale, second joint 

 infuscated, third pale yelloAvish brown; ocelli black; mandibles blackish; other moutli 

 parts dusky or reddish fuscous. Thoracic segments dull, dirty, broAvnish yelloAv or 

 clayey brown, obscured slightly and mottled Avith fuscous, and, especially the first 

 segment, Avith small, blackish dashes; rest of the body very dark broAvnish olivaceous 

 or dark reddish, tinged in some places Avith broAvnish yelloAv, occasionally running 



