312 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



again as broad, tapering ver}' slightly, the tip rounded; fourth nunute but not incon- 

 spicuous. Spinnerets slender, delicate, finely pointed. 



Body cylindrical, the first thoracic joint small, the segments more than usually mo- 

 niliform, the first thoracic segment furnished in the middle with a transverse row of 

 six elongated, smooth and slender tubercles situated on the dorsal region and each 

 givhig rise to a long hair ; and below the spiracles with two similar ones on either side ; 

 the other segments are furnished with compound spines, each seated on a broad, low, 

 mammiform, fleshy elevation and consisting of a long and slender, tapering, often not 

 quite straight spine, squarely docked at the slender tip, and bearing as a continuation 

 a not very long, tapering, spinous bristle, whose base is nearly or ({uite as large as the 

 tip of tlie spine. The latter is further provided near the middle with five spreading 

 straight spinules, arranged in a stellate manner but not originating at exactly equal 

 heights, elevated so as to form less than a right angle with the upper part of the spine 

 and in all its general features resembling it. Below this coronet the spine often bears 

 a number of usually smaller similar spinules also emitting hairs and irregularly dis- 

 posed ; below the coronet the main spine generally tapers more rapidly and is more 

 irregular than above it. These spines are erect, perpendicular to the body, and are 

 arranged in the following series, one upon a segment in each row : upon the anterior 

 portion of the first to eighth abdominal segments a dorsal row ; from the second 

 thoracic to the eighth abdominal segments inclusive a laterodorsal series, placed cen- 

 trally or slightly in advance of the centre ; from the second thoracic to the ninth abdom- 

 inal segments inclusive a laterostigmatal series, the last segment bearing two, one 

 anteriorly and the other posteriorly, while those of the other segments are situated as 

 in the laterodorsal series ; from the first to the eighth abdominal segments an infrastig- 

 niatal series of smaller spines placed centrally. At the base of the legs and prolegs 

 and in similar situation on the segments between thena are one or two elongated, 

 smooth, slender tubercles like those of the first thoracic segment. Spiracles rather 

 small, obovate, about twice as long as broad. Legs moderately long, slender, taper- 

 ing, compressed; the claw small, slender, compressed, but little curved, strongly 

 heeled at the base ))eneath. Prolegs very long, pretty large, tapering pretty regularly 

 and considerably, the booklets very slender, pretty long, scarcely tapering, strongly 

 curved, closely crowded, from twenty to twenty-five in number, arranged in a double 

 row around two-thirds of a compressed circle, opening outwards. 



The thoracic spines of the laterodorsal and laterostigmatal series are placed 

 slightly lower than the corresponding spines of the abdomen, but I have not thought 

 the difference sufficient to distinguish them as separate rows. 



Chrysalis. Viewed from above the head and prothorax scarcely taper; ocellar 

 prominences directed straight forward, prominent, conical or nearly so, tapering either 

 in the apical half or throughout, the space between them squarely docked; on a side 

 view they are straight and horizontal or nearly so on the inferior border, either con- 

 tinuous with the anterior half of the body and minutely protuberant at their base, or 

 directed slightly upward from their base ; upper border straight and continuous with 

 the line of the dorsum to the front part of the mesouotum, being at an angle of from 

 40° to 50° with the inferior surface; a slight ridge runs from both of them toward 

 the centre of the mesonotum but disappears on the anterior portion of that segment. 

 The mesouotum is high, well arched and bears upon its middle third an exceedingly 

 high, compressed, laminate, median projection, most elevated posteriorly, Avhere it is 

 sometimes pointed, behind nearly perpendicular, in front well rounded or arched or 

 almost hunched ; the form of this raesonotal tubercle diff"ers considerably in the dif- 

 ferent species and is quite constant in the same species; the front, including all the ap- 

 pendages, forming an almost exactly straight line from the base of the head to the 

 extremity of the wings, a little protuberant just before the tip of the latter ; the middle 

 of the mesonotum is also furnished with a pair of small, blunt, conical, slightly ap- 

 pressed, supralateral warts, nearly connected with the basal wing tubercle by a slight 

 ridge; basal wings tubercle pyramidal, triquetral, half as high as broad, pointed, one 

 angle running backward, one downward and one upward, the latter continued as a 



