332 



THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



Caterpillar. 

 PI. 74, figs. 23, 27. Side view, colored. 



78 : 37-41. Front view of liead in stages i-v. 

 Chriifialis. 

 PI. 83, tig. 21. Dorsal view, outline. 

 22. Side view, outline. 

 24, 25. Outline of mesotlioraeic tuber- 

 cle from the side. 

 26. Outline of head in front. 

 40. Side view, colored. 



luiagn. 

 PI. 3, tig. 8. P. i. fahricii ? , lower surface. 

 10. P. i. unibrosa ? , lower surface. 



12. P. i. fabricii $ , both surfaces. 



13. P. i. umbrosa S , both surfaces. 

 11:7. Both surfaces. 



33 : 10, 20. Male abdominal appendages. 



01:17. P. i. umbrosa, outline of hind 

 wing. 



18. P. i. fabricii, outline of hind 

 wing. 



POLYG-ONIA COMMA.— The hop merchant. 



[The orange comma (Gosse); the comma buttertly (Harris); white-c butterfly (Fitch); 

 comma vaness (Emmons) ; the hop merchant (New York hop growers, fide Smith).] 



Vanessa comma Harr., Ins. inj. veg., 1st 

 ed., 221 (1841). 



Grapta comma Doubl.-Hew., Gen. diurn. 

 Lep. i : 197 (1848) ;— Morr., Syn. Lep. N. Amer., 

 54-55 (1862) ;— Lintn., Proc. Ent. soc. Philad., 

 lii : 55-57 (18(54) ;— Belt, Trans. Nova Sc. inst. 

 uat. sc.,ii:90 (1868?);— Beth., Eep. Ent. soc. 

 Ont.,1872 : 32, fig. 24 (1873) ;— Edw., Can. ent., 

 V : 184 (1873) ; Butt. N. A., ii, Grapta 1 (1874) ; 

 Can. ent., x : 69-71 (1878) ; xiv : 189-194(1882) ; 

 —French, Rep. ins. Ill.,vii: 152 (1878) ; Butt. 

 east.U. S., 185-187 (1886) ;— Middl., Rep. ins. 

 111., x: 84 (1881);— Fern.. Butt. Me., 52-53 

 (1884);— Mayn., Butt. N. E., 12-13, pi. 2, fig. 

 13, 13a (1886). 



Polygimia comma Scudd., Bull. Butt", soc. 

 nat. sc.,ii:251 (1875). 



Va7iessa c-album Boisd.-LeC, L6p. Am. 

 sept., 190-191 (1833). 



Grapta c-album Gosse, Can. nat., 174, 192, 

 246 (1840);— Morr., Syn. Lep. N. Amer., 55 

 (1862). 



Vanessa ((rrapta) c-album Fitch, 3d Rep. 

 ins. N. Y., 114-116 (1859). 



Figured by Glover, 111. N. A. Lep., pi. 92, 

 fig. 17; pi. 95, figs. 21, 22; pl.O, fig. 10, ined. 



POLYCiONIA COMMA HARRI8II. 



W'ith concolorous wings. 



Vanessa comma Harr., Ins. inj. veg., 3d 

 ed., 300-301, pi. 4, figs. 1-2 (1862). 



Grapta comma Edw., Butt. N. A., i. 

 Grapta 2, figs. 1-5 a, b (1871). 



Grapta comma car. harrisii Edw., Can. ent., 

 V : 184 (1873). 



Nymphalis comuia Kirb., Syn. cat. Lep., 

 648 (1871). 



Polygonia couima Scudd., Syst. rev. Am. 

 butt., 10 (1872). 



Pobj(j(mia comma car. harrisii Scudd., 

 Bull. Buff. soc. nat. sc, ii : 251 (1875). 



POLYGOXIA COMMA DRYAS. 



Base of hind wings dusky above. 



Grapta dryas Edw. ,Tvai\s. Amer. ent. soc, 

 iii : 17-18 (1870) ; Butt. N. A., i, Grapta 3, figs, 

 1-6 (1871). 



Nymphalis clryas Kirb.. Syn. cat. Lep., 648 

 (1871). 



Polygonia dry us Scudd., Syst. rev. Am. 

 butt., 10(1872). 



Grapta commci car. dryas Edw., Can. ent., 

 v: 184 (1873). 



Polygonia comma, car. dryas Scudd., Bull. 

 Butt", soc. nat. sc, ii : 251 (1875). 



Freuet euch des wahren Scheins, 

 Euch des ernsten Spieles. 

 Kein Lebend^es ist ein Eins, 

 Immer ist's ein Vieles. 



Goethe. — Urworte. 



Sometimes I let a sunbeam slip, 



To light her shaded eye ; 

 A second fluttered i-ound lier lip 



Like a golden buttei'fly. 



Tennyson.— 2Vte Talking Oak. 



Imago (3 : 1, ."', 4, 7). Head covered with long whitish, dusky, and pale olivaceous 

 hairs, with a slight tuft of yellowish ones outside the" base of each antenna; behind 

 the eye covered with mingled pale and tawny scales. Basal half of palpi pale buff, 

 tino-ed faintly with greenish, and bordered along the base of the inferior fringe with 



