NYMPHALINAE: POLYGONIA SATYIU'S. 



345 



band (lci)en(liiiy- from the costa, miilAvay between tlie apex of the cell and the tip of 

 the wing, is darker ferruginous, decidedly fuscous or even blackish. On the lower half 

 of the wing there are sometimes no markings just within the border, excepting a 

 dusky, more or less ferruginous, triangular spot with blurred edges, in the middle of 

 the outer half of the medio-submediiin interspace, and faint triangular lunules seated 

 on the dark margin, scarcely paler than the ground; but these lunules are usually 

 distinctly paler, and following them on tlie inner side thei-e arc often some deep ferru- 

 ginous neckings, forming, with the dusky spot below, a ferruginous cloud. Toward 

 the base of the wing the orange becomes much deeper and warmer, and at the extreme 

 base is somewluit infuscated; along the low^er margin it is more or less obscured by 

 grayish fuscous ; fringe as in comma. Hind vnnrjs with the outer border considerably 

 crenuhite, the dentation of the upper median nervule twice as long as broad, scarcely 

 tapering, rounded at the tip, especially at the upper corner; the costal projection con- 

 siderable, strongly rounded ; the upper subcostal rectangular. Three distinct black 

 spots in the basal half of the wing; one an oblique, transverse bar depending from 

 the middle of the costa and reaching the middle subcostal nervule, followed above 

 by a slightly paler tint to the wing; an obliquely transverse bar at the extreme 

 base of the lower subcostal and upper half of the subcosto-median interspace, par-, 

 allel to the first, and with its outer margin sometimes almost continuous with the 

 inner margin of the first, but ordinarily removed inw^ard by half its width; the third 

 a triangular patch at the extreme base of the upper median interspace, occasionally 

 followed toAvard the base by an obscure grimy extension which loses itself in the con- 

 sideral)le iufuscation of the base of the wing. The outer margin of the wing has a 

 dark border of the same width as that of the costal margin, deepest within, but not 

 nearly so dark as on the fore Avings, being fusco-ferrugiuous at darkest and sometimes 

 merely ferruginous, its outer half more or less obscured by gray or pale taAvny ; it is 

 folloAved Avithin, in the heaviest marked specimens, by a similar but more cloudy belt 

 united Avith it at the costal extremity and separated from it by a series of laterally 

 connected, ill-defined, pale lunules, generally clearer than the ground color of the wing, 

 sometimes reduced to small, pale spots, roundish in the upper, transverse in the loAver 

 half of the wing; fringe much as in fore Aving. 



Beneath, varying from dark to light brown on the basal half, more or less ashen 

 gray, especially in the $ , on the outer half, the whole often tinged strongly in the $ 

 Avith dull olivaceous. Fore wings Avith the position of the markings and their general 

 tone and value precisely as in comma (the sexes difl'ering also as there) , excepting that 

 the linear streaks in the cell are more decidedly longitudinal, almost completely parallel 

 to the subcostal nervure, wdth scarcely any obliquity, the lower of the two outer ones 

 unmargined and independent, often obscure, and nearly tAvice as long as the others. 

 The same is true of the hind loings, including the central silvery comma, the only dis- 

 tinction lying in the less vivid variegation of the colours in satyrus, the more distinctly 

 black-edged margin of the basal field and in the ^ the more frequent and pervading 

 yelloAA' ground tints. 



Abdomen above black Avith tawny scales and hairs; beneath of the prevailing tone of 

 the under surface of the wings. Appendages of the male (33 : 32) : upper organ exactly 

 as in comma ; clasps fully twice as broad as long, broadest below, the angles Avell 

 rounded, the upper posterior angle produced to a small, triangular, incurved lobe, almost 

 pointed at the tip ; basal process of upper margin very similar to that of comma but 

 its apical half bent doAvuAvard at a stronger angle. 



Described from 5 J 2 9 . 



