362 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



it in the muddy roads with erect or widely opened wings, sucking the 

 moisture from the ruts. 



Desiderata. A knowledge of the early stages and complete life history 

 of this butterHy is much needed. Females should be confined on black 

 birch, nettle and elm as well as willow. Do the females which are to be 

 found in July and August ever have developed eggs in their abdomen? 

 If they should be found, we may be confident there is a second brood, and 

 then the comparative numljers and freshness of individuals from July on 

 should be carefully noted. 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.— FOLYGONIA GRACILIS. 



Imago. General. 



PI. 3, fig. 11. Male, both surfaces. PI. 19, fig. 7. Distribution in North America. 



33:21. Male abdomiual appendages. 

 61 : 22. Outline of hind wing. 



POLYGONIA PROO-NE.— The gray comma. 



[The gray comma (Grosse) ; silver-e Grapta (Kirby) ; Progne butterfly (Harris) ; Progne 

 vaness (Emmons) ; spinous currant caterpillar (Le Baron) ; silver-1 butterfly (Ross) ; gray- 

 winged comma (Maynard) .] 



Fapilio progne Cram., Pap. exot.,i : 9, pi. nox. ins. N. Y., 110-114 (1S59);— LeBar., Rep. 



5, figs. E. F., (1775) ;— Herbst, Natursyst. ins. ins. 111., i, 59-61 (1871). 



schmett., vii:61, pi. 163, figs. 3-4 (1794). Vanessa progne Morr., Syn. Lep. N. 



Folygonia p)rogne Hiibn., Verz. schmett., Amer., 56-57 (1862). 



36 (1816);— Scudd., Rep. geol. N.H., 1:351- Nymphalis progne 'Kuh., Syn. catal. Lep., 



352, pi. A, fig. 12 (1874). 648 (1871). 



Vanessa progne GoA., Encycl. m6th., ix: Grapta c-argenteum Gosse, Newm. En- 



292, 304, 819, s20 (1819) ;— Boisd.- LeC, L6p. tom., 138 (1840) ;— Pack., Guide ins., 260, fig. 



Am6r. sept., 188-189, pi. 50, figs. .5-6 (1833) ;— 188 (1869). 



Harr., Ins. inj. veg., 3d ed., 301-302 (1862). Fapilio grogne Fabr., Mant. ins., ii: 50 



Grapta progne Doubl.-Hewits., Gen. diurn. (1787). 



Lep.,i:197(1848);— Lintn.,Proc.Entom. see. polygonia progne c-aegenteum 



Philad., iii: 58 (1864) ;— Bowles, Can. ent., iii : f^jg ijo-bter form. 



10-11 (1871); — Edw., Can. ent., xii :9-14 



Vanessa Grapta c-argenteum Kirb., Faun. 



(1880) ;-Middl., Rep. ins. 111., x : 85 (1881) ; - " . ^^o, ,3] 3 fi^g 6-7 fl837) 



Saund., Ins. inJ. fruit,_346-348, fig 360 (1883) ; '^^j;,;^;!;;; " ^^' 'Z] I^L.^n 



-Fern., Butt. Me., oo-56 (1884 ; - French, g.^^^^^^B^,,. j^^^g- ^,,. „,t. ,, ^j , .353 ^g^s) . 

 Butt. east. U. S., 190-192, fig. 53 (1886);— ^ \ j 



POLYGONIA PROGNE L-ARGENTEUM 



The darker form. 



Mayu., Butt. N. E., 14-15, pi. 2, fig. 16, 16a 

 (1886). 



Vanessa {Gi-apta) progne Fitcli, 3d Rep. Folygonia progne var.l-argenteumScuM., 



Bull. Bufl". soc. nat. sc, ii : 253 (1875). 



. . . those butterflies. 

 Of Earth, who seek the skies, 

 And so come down again 

 (Never-contented things!) 

 Have brought a specimen 

 Upon iheir quivering wings. 



POE. — Fairy-land. 

 Imago (3 : 5 ; 16:8). Head covered ou upper surface posteriorly with olivaceous, 

 anteriorly with mingled black, foxy and lioary hairs and with a small Avhitish tuft 

 outside the base of the antennae, the sides behind the eye Avith mingled Avhite, blackish 

 and ferruginous scales. Basal half of sides of palpi white, with rather a broad median 

 streak of black, edged above with vinous; apical half blackish mingled with vinous 



