372 THE butterflij:s of new England. 



filaments, bags of pollen of Asclepias flowers, about one-sixth of an inch 

 loner, projecting from the head, generally from the eyes. Similar objects 

 were seen by him in Alabama on the heads of swallow-tails. It shows 

 the part taken by these butterflies in the fertilization of flowers. 



Parasites. Mr. Couper states on information received from Mr. 

 Caulfield that the larva of this species is subject to the attack of a " small 

 parasite" like a Pteromalus, which issues from the chrysalis. The egg, 

 too, is subject to the assault of a tiny enemy, Telenomus graptae (89: 9), 

 which I have obtained in place of the caterpillar I desired. 



Desiderata. Several points in the history of this insect require special 

 investigation. The larva is said by Harris to feed on elm, but no one else 

 appears to have found it thereon. Was this a mistake? Does the chrysa- 

 lis ever hibernate and how late in the spring may the hibernating butter- 

 flies be found ? Within what limits of time are the eggs of the first brood 

 laid? What is the exact time when the summer l)rood of butterflies ap- 

 pears, increases and vanishes? How does its flight compare with that of 

 other species of the genus and what other parasites has it than those 

 known ? 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.— POLYGONIA PBOGNE. 



General. Chrysalis. 



PI. 19, fig. 0. Distribution in North America. Pi. 83. tig. 32. Outline of bead from in front, 

 86 : 9. Telenomus graptae, a parasite. enlarged. 



^gg_ 37 : 88. Side views. 



PI. 64, fig. 25. Plain. Imago. 



Caterpillar. ?'• 3, fig- 5. Male, both surfaces. 

 PI. 74, fig. 31. Colored, mature. 16:8. Both surfaces. 



78:47-49. Front views of head in stages 33:13. Male abdominal appendages. 



jj jjj V 61:23. Outline of hind wing of P. p. 



86 : 68. Dermal appendage of last stage. 1-argenteum. 



24. The same of P. p. c-argeuteum. 



EUGONIA HUBNER. 



EugoniaHiibn., Verz.bek. Schmett.,36(1816). Vanessa (pars) Auct. 



Nymphalis Scudd., Syst. Rev. Amer, Butt. 10 Type. — Pap. polychloros Linn. 



(1872). 



The downy orchard, and the melting pulp 

 Of mellow fruit, the nameless nations feed 

 Of evanescent insects. 



Thomson.— /S'MWM»e/'. 



Imago (53 :C). Head pretty large, pretty densely clothed with longer aud shorter 

 hairs. Front very moderately and pretty unifoi'mly swollen, being scarcely fuller 

 beneath, broader than high, scarcely so broad as the eyes ; upper edge rather sharply 

 rounded, protuberant in the middle between the antennae and terminating abruptly; 

 lower edge rather broadly rounded. Vertex rather small, slightly tumid, in no part 

 rising beyond the upper level of the eyes, very broadly rounded behind. Eyes large, 

 pretty full, pilose with short hairs. Antennae inserted in the middle of the summit in 

 pretty deep, nearly connected pits, their interior bases separated by a space nearly 

 equal to twice the width of the antennal stalk, their exterior close to the margin of the eye ; 



