374 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



joint of tarsi equalling tlie rest together, the three following diminishing regularly in size, 

 the fifth of the length of the second ; joints furnished beneath with four, the terminal 

 joint with only two, rows of moderately long and slender spines, the apical ones of each 

 joint slightly longer than the others. Claws small, rather delicate, curving pretty 

 strongly, tapering to a pretty sharp point; paronychia bifid, the outer blade slender, as 

 long as the claws, curving considerably and tapering to a very delicate point; the inner 

 scarcely more than half as long, very delicate and slender and tapering to a minute 

 point, curving slightly inward, but otherwise nearly straight; pulvillus wanting ; ter- 

 minal tarsal joint with four apical, very long, curved, thread-like spines, directed 

 between the claws. 



Abdominal appendages of the male : upper organ closely resembling that of Polygo- 

 nia, its inferior arms projecting a little backward below the anus. Clasps very similar 

 to those of Polygonia, diflering only in that the upper basal process is larger, entirely 

 above the upper edge of the clasp, and although somewhat similarly curved, extended 

 upward; it is supplied at the interior base with a ridge, which meets another falling 

 from the upper edge of the clasp to form a support or socket for the tip of the interior 

 finger, which does not reach the upper edge of the clasp. 



Egg. Barrel shaped, with rather tumid sides, not very much taller than broad, broadest 

 in the middle of the basal half, furnished with seven or eight compressed laminate ver- 

 tical ribs, which start from near but not quite at the base, or at least only become dis- 

 tinct above the base, constantly increase in height, but even at the summit are scarcely 

 so high as in the preceding and following genera ; the interspaces are crossed by very 

 numerous and crowded, distinct, raised cross lines forming cells a dozen or more times 

 broader than high. They are laid in a single compact mass, one layer deep, encircling 

 a twig. 



Mature caterpillar. Head rather small, subquadrate on a front view, the sides 

 regularly and broadly rounded, broadest in the middle, the summit slightly depressed 

 in the middle and produced at the anterior outer portion ; head not greatly deeper 

 below than above, a little broader than high; the triangle half as high again as broad, 

 reaching more than half way toAvard the summit ; summit bearing on each side either 

 a very stout, long spine, directed upward and considerably forward and outward, 

 encircled near the middle by a stellate arrangement of four or five spreading, greatly 

 iipturned, stout, slightly tapering spinules, bluntly rounded at the tip like the main 

 spine, and emitting a long, bristly hair; or a collection of simple, tapering, rather short 

 and bluntly pointed tubercles. The head is also beset Avith very many elongated, stout, 

 cylindrical but tapering, spinous, bluntly tipped tubercles, emitting a rather long, deli- 

 cate hair, some of which, especially upon the hinder edge, are very long and large, 

 while others are small, almost minute. Antennae as in Polygonia, Avith the last joint 

 slightly longer. Ocelli six in number, five arranged in a moderately strong curve, Avhose 

 convexity is forward ; the upper four are at nearly equal and slight distances apart, the 

 upper a little further from the second than the others among themselves, the fifth at a 

 still greater distance, and the sixth bearing the same relation to the others as in Poly- 

 gonia; the second to fifth are more prominent than the others. Labrum Avell rounded, 

 almost the entire outer portion excised almost to the base by a triangular cutting, the 

 sides of which are less than a right angle. Mandibles not very large, broad and stout, 

 their edge straight and entire. Maxillary palpi four-jointed, each succeeding joint 

 smaller, the first and second half as long as broad, the third half as long again as broad, 

 the last very small, conical. Spinneret rather long and very slender, equal. 



Body having the form of that of Polygonia, Avith longitudinal markings most con- 

 spicuous in the dorsal region and next the stigmatal line (at least in the European 

 species), armed with numerous spines arranged in longitudinal roAvs, one to a segment 

 in each roAv as follows: a dorsal series, placed anteriorly on the first to the eight 

 abdominal segments ; a laterodorsal series, scarcely in advance of the centre of the 

 same ; a supralateral series similarly placed on the second and third thoracic segments, 

 all of these sometimes, but not ahvays, markedly longer than the rest; a latero-stig- 

 matal series, similarly placed on all the abdominal segments; a stigmatal series centrally 



