NYMPIIALINAE : EITVAXESSA ANTIOPA. 



399 



ui)per surface) of disconnected, dark metallic ))lne scales on a black base; marginal 

 band sordid white, heavily ttecked, especially down its middle and particularly at tlie den- 

 tation of upper half, with sliort, more or less connected and l)len(led, transverse streaks 

 of black, dark plumbeous and dull dark bluish scales, most conspicuous in tiie upper half 

 of the wing; at either side, but especially outwardly, the band is washed with very 

 pale yellowish and externally witli pale yellowish brown. Fringe white, broadly 

 interrupted at tlie nervure tips, especially in the upper half of the wing, with pale slate 

 brown. Hind wings closely resembling the fore wings in the submarginal, strongly 

 crenate stripe of bluish scales, and in the outer border, the dentation of the upper median 

 nervure being similar to the upper dentation of the fore wings. The base of the wings 

 is similar, but the transverse black lines collect to form slender, rather indistinct, 

 often obsolete stripes, one crossing the middle of the wing in an irregular course, the 

 other, less distinct and generally present only in tlie middle of the wing, lying midway 

 between the first and the marginal band ; on the lower half of the wing the spinous 

 hairs are not recumbent. Fringe whitish. 



Al)domeii above black, the base with many maroon hairs, beneath dirty yellowish 

 white or yellowish brown, with intermingled black hairs tipped with brownish yellow, 

 the last segment usually blackish. Male appendages (33 : 27, 28) : upper organ ; hook 

 naiTowiug rapidly before the middle, but a little rounded, beyond a little compressed, 

 tapering, very bluntly pointed, but little curved. Clasps about tAvo and a half times 

 broader than long, the posterior edge roundly and broadly excised on the upper half, 

 the upper outer angle produced a very little, slightly angulated, slightly incurved and 

 delicately covered Avitli prickles at the edge; upper basal process compressed a little, 

 sulciform, the inner edge a little thickened, roundly bent at a right angle at the middle 

 of its basal two-thirds, the outer border similarly bent at the base, up to this point 

 equal, beyond tapering rapidly to a little produced, arcuate and finely pointed apex; it 

 is nearly four times as long as the breadth of the base, directed at first backward and 

 coiisiderably upward and bent a little inward, beyond directed backward and curving 

 inward ; interior finger finely pointed, nearly straight, and reacliing the edge of the 

 outer border of the clasp at the lower portion of its excision. 



Malformations. Dr. Hagen has published (Mem. mus. comp. zool. , ii. No. 9) a 

 curious instance of a Brazilian butterfly (Morpho) bearing, instead of its own proper 

 head, that of its larva, and has referred to several similar freaks of nature, one of 

 which, observed by Zeller in the present species, we quote in full from the original 

 source (Isis, 1839, 259) ; " As a remarkable case of infrequent occurrence I may men- 

 tion an antiopa wliicli I raised, together with about one hundred and fifty others, and 

 which bore, instead of the butterfiy's head, a perfect head of the caterpillar. With this 

 exception, the specimen is perfectly formed and difters in nothing from the ordinary 

 summer brood. The head is perpendicular, as in the larva, and its mouth is closed; 

 having broken a fragment from the ocellar field of the right side, I noticed that the 

 shell in front and above was not connected with the interior, but was sepai'ated from 

 it by a narrow space. Since a further investigation cannot be made without complete 

 destruction, I leave it for another occasion. On the prothorax of the butterfly, behind 

 this caterpillar head, and yet not connected with it, the two antei'ior plates {Xacken- 

 shalen) of the chrysalis are placed. This remarkable butterfly emerged in my absence 

 at the end of July, and was impaled without further observations on its behavior. I 

 could not discover its chrysalis among the mass of crushed skins." 



I once took a specimen of this butterfly on the Boston Public Gardens, in which the 

 tarsi of the right middle leg were quite useless, being curved outward, backward and 

 a little upward. 



