NY.MPIIALIX AK: VANESSA A'lALAN'lA. 447 



to'ii;ne dn.sky, the iicrvun^s of tlie ^villJ4•s, incisures t>l' Llie joints of legs and antennae 

 as well as the borders of tlie to)igue and ocellar ribbon marked with blackish fuscous, 

 ocellar prominences but little protuberant. Head above and thorax asliy brown, tinged 

 witii reddish, a slender dorsal line on the tiiorax ; basal Avinj^ tubercles moi-e or less 

 blackish fuscous; supralateral thoracic tubercles a little liij^her than in the other 

 species, gleanunir gold; nietatliorax with a transverse spot of the same, .\ljdomen 

 dark ashen brown, tlie first and second segments tinged Avith reddish, the whole more 

 or less obscured with blackish fuscous, especially along a stigiiiatal band, which is as 

 broad as the length of the spiracles, and also along a slightly broader and darker ven- 

 tral stripe; laterodorsal tubercles of the lirst and second abdominal segments and 

 supralateral wart of the third segment gleaming gold ; other tubercles brownish yel- 

 Unv, bordered, especially anteriorly, with blackish; suprastigmatal wart of the ninth 

 segment as prominent as the others of that series ; there is a dorsal series of longi- 

 tudinal oval patches of dull or bright greenish gold just behind the dorsal warts and 

 bordered laterally Avith obscui'e, dark, fuscous spots ; a suprastigmatal transversely oval 

 patch of greenish gold on the side of the fourth segment. Spiracles dark ashen 

 broAvn ; cremaster blackish on ventral, ashy on dorsal surface; field of anal booklets 

 long and slender, tlirce times longer than broad. Length, 20.5 mm. ; breadth at ocellar 

 prominences, 3.75 mm. ; at supernumerary wing tubercle, 7.5 mm. ; at tip of third 

 abdominal segment, 0.5 mm. ; height at mesothorax, 7 mm. ; at middle of third abdom- 

 inal segment, 7 mm. ; at posterior end of thorax, 5.5 mm. The Avhole body Is often 

 covered Avith an ashen Avhite bloom, but so far as I have noticed them such specimens 

 have alAvays been attacked by Tachinae. It may, hoAvever, be only an accidental coinci- 

 ilence. 



Geographical distribution (20:7). This butterfly enjoys a very 

 extensive geographical range, extending over nearly the whole of the 

 European and North American continents. In the Old AVorld, it occurs in 

 the Avhole of Europe, excepting the northernmost portions, and is also 

 found in the Caucasus, Asia ]Minor, on the Avestern half of the northern 

 coast of Africa and in the Azores. It has even been accidentallv intro- 

 duced into XcAv Zealand, no doubt with plants, as it Avas first found in the 

 Wellington Botanic Garden (Ent. monthly mag., xxi : 87), and into the 

 llaAvaiian Islands Avhere it is knoAvn as a mountain species (Parker, 

 Psyche, ii:213). 



In America it extends over the Avhole of the United States and adjacent 

 regions as far north as Newfoundland (British Museum, Gosse), Nova 

 Scotia "rare " (Jones), Anticosti and southern Labrador (Couper), God- 

 b<mt River, mouth of St. LaAvrence "common"' (Corneau), Quebec 

 "rare" (Bowles), OttaAva (Billings), Montreal "generally scarce" 

 (Caulfield), London, Ontario "not very common"' (Saunders), and even 

 at Moose Factory, Hudson Bay (Weir) ; southern ]\Iichigan "rather com- 

 mon"' (Ilax-rington), Wisconsin "common"' (Hoy), loAva, not uncom- 

 mon (Allen, Austin, Parker) and the North West Territory of Canada 

 (Geddes). It is abundant in the extreme southern states, — Florida 

 (Chapman, Palmer, Thaxter, Sclnvarz), Alabama "a great rarity'" 

 (Gosse), and Texas (Belfrage, Aaron, Lintner) ; and CAcn occurs in 

 Bermuda "rare"' (Jones), in Cuba "excessively rare"' ((iundlach), in 

 Mexico (Salle, Brit. Mus.), and in the highlands of Guatemala "but not 



