NYMlMIAI.IXAi:: VANK.SSA IK NIKl.'A. 



tlic niaiii sti'iii Avhic-li lies beyoiul tlie base ul" tlie lateral >|)iiiiiles. imicli slioiler than 

 the other i)art of the spine; the spines are metallic l)lue l)lacl< or iiron/.c blaek. tinged 

 Avitli jialereolors Ix'yond the base, often dull, dirty, (hirk pellucid, tliose on the sides and 

 especially on the anterior part of the l)0(ly fre(|iieutly yellowisli. tiie infrastii>iiiatal 

 ones ifreenish at the base; tiiey are mounted on ureally raised elevations, of an incoii- 

 sjiicMons dark rnfo-fnseous color. Spiracles hlackisli fu--cons. w it h ol)scurelv pale 

 lips, rimmed witli black and surrounded sliiililly \vitli yreenisii yellow. Le^s -liiuiiii; 

 black; prolciis at base like tiie under surface of tlie ixxly. Ix-youd bronze blaek. tipped 

 Avitli pale purplish, l.cnutli. .">.") mm. : l)readt]i of Ixxiy. '>.'> mm. ; leuiitli of spines. :',.."> 

 mm. ; l)readtii of iiead, 4.2.") mm. ; length of hairs on Ixxly. .."• mm. 



Some intlividnals have the blaek almost entirely sn[)erseded by ferruginous, tiie color 

 liaving extended from the protuberant elevations at the base of the si)ines over the 

 surrounding parts, so as to leave the black in only a series of dorsal sjiots ; in tliese 

 individuals tlie yellow of tlie other Ijands is not of so lively a hue. and (he >piiies are 

 pellucid blackish fuscotis throughout. 



Chrysalis (83 : .->-(.(;;!. (M). Dull grayish m Idle iiiarke(l with grayish hi-own. lia\ iug 

 an olivaceous tinge, or bright golden green tinged with rcddisli yellow and marked 

 with broAvni.sh purple; ocellar i)rominences bluntly conical. Front of the head, tongue 

 and edges of the legs toward the head of the darker color: tlie other appendages, 

 with the wings, of the lighter; the antennae interrupted with lilack and l)lack at the 

 tip, the middle of the wings Avith an irregular waved streak and a snbmargiual row of 

 dots of the darker color; tliora.\ and abdomen of the lighter color with darker mark- 

 ings as follows : Tlie anterior part of the thorax in front of a line connecting the 

 mesonotal dorsal tubercle and the basal Aving tubercle (and excepting a widening sti'eak 

 of the lighter color) passing from near the tip of the ocellar prominences to the mid- 

 dle of the dorsal ridge of the mesonotum ; a broad band passing along the side of the 

 body from the lateral surface of the ocellar prominences, next the .superior edge of 

 the wing over the abdomen, Avhere it includes the spiracles at its upper edge, to tli 

 base of the cremaster ; lateroventi-al, ventral, and broken lateral bands on the abdo- 

 men. Abdomen dotted minutely and sparsely with black, especially along the posterior 

 borders of the segments: tubercles tipped Avith orange ; suprastigmatal Avart of the 

 ninth abdominal segment nearly or quite obsolete; field of anal booklets scarcely 

 longer than broad. 



1st. spec. 2d. Spec. 1st. .spec. 2d. spec. 



Length 11). 22. Breadth at third ab- 



Length of cremaster 1.75 1..") dominal segment... .5.2.5 0.75 



Breadth at ocellar Height at mesonotal 



prominences :3.5 4. tubercle (i. 6.3 



Breadth at basal Aving Height at inetathorax 5.25 5.7 



tubercles <!.25 7. Height at posterior 



Breadth at supernumer- edge of third abdom- 



ary tubercles (J. 5 7.75 inal segment (!. 7. 



Geographical distribution (20:8). This, the only pin-oly American 

 species of Vanessa in New England, is apparently found tlu-oughout the 

 entire extent of the United States, excepting Alaska and possibly a por- 

 tion of the central mountainous district, where it lias only been reported 

 from Colorado, Xew Mexico, Arizona and the vicinity of Truckee, Xevada 

 ( McGlashan ) . It is common in all the Gulf and Atlantic States and has 

 been brought from as far south as Indian KiAcr in Florida (Palmer). 

 On the Pacific coast it is found in California, and at \'ancouver Island 

 (Fletcher) . To the north, ignoring boundary lines, it has been taken in Nova 

 Scotia "quite abundant some seasons" (Jones). Godbout River. Gulf of St. 



