464 THE BL'TTERFLIES OF NEW EN(iLANI). 



Lawi-cucc "rare" (Corneau), Quebec "not uiiconinion"' (Bowles), Mon- 

 treal • 'abundant" ( D'Urban) , "generally scarce" (Caulfield), Ottawa 

 (Billings), London, Out. (Saunders), South Micliig-an "rare" (Harring- 

 ton), Sault St. Marie "rare" (Bethune). >«epigon. Lake Superior 

 (Scudder), Minnesota (Scudder) and Iowa (Austin, Allen, Parker, Os- 

 born) ; INIr. Lintner has taken it on the summit of Mt. Marcy in the Adi- 

 rondacks. It is ])robably confined mainly to the Alleghanian and 

 Ciirolinian faunas. 



Such seems to be the meaning" of its distribution in New England. It 

 is far more common in the southern than in the northern portions and is 

 wholly wanting in the White Mountain district, although occurring so far 

 north as the mouth of the St. Lawrence and above Lake Superior. It was 

 not noticed by Gosse in Compton, P. Q., or in Newfoundland, and the 

 northernmost localities in New England from which it has been brought to 

 my notice are Waterville "very few" (Hamlin), Norway (Smith), Hallo- 

 well "very uncommon" (Miss Wadsworth) and Mt. Desert Island, Me. 

 (Scudder), and Milford, N. H. "scarce" (Whitney). 



It occurs, however, beyond the limits of the United States and in an un- 

 usually irregular jnanner. Its presence far down the Fh)rida peninsida 

 accoimts for its "very rare" appearance in Cuba (Gundlach) and it is not 

 known from any other of the West Indian islands.* Its abundance on 

 our southwestern borders explains why it is everywhere common in Mex- 

 ico and Lower California, and occurs plentifully as far south as the elevated 

 })lateaus of Guatemala (^"an Patten) ; it is even reported from Costa Pica 

 by Distant, and from Panama, Colombia, and Bolivia (Godman and 

 Sahin). Bnt the interesting thing is that, according to Berg, an excellent 

 authority, the South Chilian V. terpsichoi-e, Avhich extends also into Pata- 

 gonia, is identical with inir species, though there is no evidence that it is 

 found on the flanks of the Cordilleras in the vast intervening region. Still 

 more strange, however, is the report by Blackburn in 187t> that it was es- 

 tablished on the Hawaiian Islands, and the repeated accounts of its dis- 

 covery in Great Britain (never on the continent) and even on the Canary 

 Islands; some of these British reports are erroneous, the specimen, when 

 examined by a competent authority, being found to be an aberrant or 

 suffused example of V. cardui. The earliest example, taken in 1828 

 in Pembrokeshire, was announced by Dale in l8o() and figured long- 

 after by Westwood and Humphreys and liy ^Morris : in 187() two speci- 

 mens are recorded, both taken in southern maritime counties, one in 

 Hampshire, the other in Devon (Entom., 1871), 25o ; Ent. monthl. 

 mag., xiii : 183). 



Oviposition. The eggs are laid singly on the ui)[)er surface of the 



*Go(linaii and Salviii (TJiologia ceutr. tlioy do not mention seeing specimens from 

 ■liner.) give It from Jamaica and liayti, i)ut there. 



