474 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



aries orange yellow ; on costal parts blackish, this color extending along the veins to 

 the outer margin ; before it reaches the latter this color broadens into diamond-shaped 

 marks ; a submarginal row of white spots. Under side of primaries much as above, 

 but with a broad, Avliite, submarginal band. Secondaries mottled pale grayish, with a 

 broad, white, marginal band ; in some instances nearly tJie whole surface of secondaries 

 beneath is white, in others the white predominates on the upper surface to the greater 

 exclusion of the black." 



Another specimen taken in Belgium has been described and figured by Donckier de 

 Donceel(Ann. soc. ent. Belg., xxi : 10, pi. 1, fig. 1, 1878). In this the white bar depend- 

 ent from the costa of the fore wing is absent but the sub-apical white spots are not 

 confluent but somewhat enlarged, especially that in the interspace beyond the cell. A 

 supplementary white lunule is found in the upper median interspace. The upper sur- 

 face of the hind wings differs from that described by Strecker in that the sub-marginal 

 row of white spots is absent, though the diamond shaped marks are very distinct. 

 The under surface of the hind ■\vings also diflers in that the margin, like tlie fore 

 wings, is marked by a narrow fulvous band preceded by a narrow fuscous stripe and 

 this by an ashen band in which the ocelli are situated, Avhich number only four. 



In the collection of the late Dr. Harris, now in the Museum of the Boston society of 

 natural history is a female (No. 35c) which has the fore wings and only the fore 

 wings suftused, and although only to a slight degree it is apparently in the same direc- 

 tion as the preceding specimens of this aberration. On the upper surface, the outer 

 limits of the orange area are much the same as usual, excepting that in the lower me- 

 dian and medio-submedian interspaces, the black bordering of the wing encroaches 

 upon it by extending inward in the middle of each interspace nearly twice as far as 

 usual; within the orange area, as far as the fuscous base specked with greenish, the 

 black markings are almost entirely Avanting ; all that remain are : first, the large, black 

 spot, depending from the subcostal nervure in the middle of the cell, which is larger 

 than usual and reaches nearly across the cell ; second, a narrow fuscous bar extending 

 upward from the submedian nervure a little more than half way aci'oss the interspace, 

 in the normal position of the commencement of the tortuous band, but much narrower 

 than usual; and, third, a few blackish scales flecking the upper and part of the loAver 

 edge of the lower median nervule. On the apex of the wing, the transverse white bar 

 depending from the costal margin is entirely wanting and the white spots in the arcu- 

 ate row beyond it are larger than usual, their limits vague instead of precise and 

 showing, especially the upper ones, a tendency to merge into the white spots, also en- 

 larged, of the submarginal series. Besides, faint indications of a sixth small spot in 

 the upper median interspace are visible just below the largest spot of the arcuate row. 

 Beneath, similar diflerences are noticeable, excepting in the rows of white spots and 

 in that the outer margin is of the ordinary width in the lower half of the wing. 



The specimen from Ekaterinoslaw in southern Kussia described by Bramson under 

 the name of inornata seems to approach very closely to this, but the aberration is a 

 little moi'e marked in some particulars though less so in others. In particular the 

 ocelli of the under surface of the hind wings in the Russian specimens are said to be 

 situated on a pale rose ground ; while on the other hand a trace of the white bar de- 

 pending from the costa of the fore-wings is seen in a narrow marginal line. 



V. c. ATE (Pyrameis cardui, ah. b. ate Strecker, Syn. Cat. macrolep. N.A., 137, — 1878). 

 "Upper surface primaries suftused heavily with blackish, the normal markings en- 

 tirely gone, the orange confined to a blotch or disc, on half of wing towards the inner 

 margin, said blotch merging into the blackish on all sides; the large, subapical, white 

 bar * entirely wanting. Secondaries obscured with blackish, the row of black spots 

 faintly discernible and pupilled with white points. Under side primaries much as 

 on upper side, secondaries black except along the abdominal margin where the ordinary 

 coloration and marking is retained ; veins white ; the six ocelli as in ordinary form ; 



* That is, presumably, the bar depending of the wing, and not the preniarginal row 

 from the costa in the middle of the outer half of spots. 



