NYMPHALINAE: SPEYERIA Il^ALlA. 541 



smoky broAvii ; spiracles black, with 'white annnli. Length, 44.5 ram. (after Edwards). 

 Chrysalis (84:4). "Brown and yellow over abdomen; the mesonotnm pinkish 

 brown; the winij-cases brown and more decidedly tinted pink; each [latere-] dorsal 

 tnbcrcle shows a large, dark patch on the anterior side; similar patches on the wing- 

 cases; the tubercles on mesonotnm black, and each is joined by a black band to a 

 patch back of and near tlic base ; about the lusad several irregular dark or l)lack spots ; 

 on the wings a brown patch at base, one on middle of disk, and six elongated spots in 

 row Avithin the margin." Length, 28 mm. (Edwards). 



Distribution (21 : 4) . Tliis hiitterfly belongs to the Alleglianlan fauna, 

 tlioiio-li its (li.stril)iition appears to be somcwliat irregular. It inhabits low- 

 lands and is much more abundant in the extreme eastern portion of its range 

 than elsew'hcre, unless it be on the western prairies. It occurs, however, as 

 far south as the elevated parts of Georgia, "taken by^NIr. Eliot in his jour- 

 ney to the mountains" (Abbot) , w hence also it is recorded by Mr. Ed- 

 wards, who has not been able to discover it in West Virginia. Otherwise, 

 indeed, it has not been recorded on the Atlantic slope south of Pennsyl- 

 vania. AVest of the AUeshanies Kirtland states that he has never met 

 Avith it in northern Ohio, although he has obtained a few specimens from 

 Dayton in that state, and Dury says it is "very rare" at Cincinnati. 

 AVorthington reports it from northern and not from southern Illinois, and 

 Kirtland and Hoy have found it abundant in Wisconsin. It has been 

 taken in various parts of Iowa (Allen, Parker, Osborn, Austin, Walton) 

 and it occurs also in Lawrence "common" and Wallace County, Kansas 

 (Snow), Nebraska (Dodge), Arkansas (Edwards) and even Louisiana, 

 according to Strecker. 



In New England it is reported abundant in Connecticut at several 

 places and has been taken in Massachusetts about Boston, at Leverett and 

 Montague (F. H. Sprague), about Springfield "quite common" (Dim- 

 mock) and in Walpole (Miss Guild) ; the only places where I have found 

 it tolerably abvmdant are in Berkshire County, on Cape Cod, and particu- 

 larly on the island of Nantucket. Generally speaking it is not a common 

 insect and is seldom seen above the annual isotherm of 45° ; the most 

 northerly stations from which ir is recorded are Waterville (also the 

 easternmost), Norway (Fernald), Hallowell "not very common" (Miss 

 Wads worth), Brunswick "one may see two or three in the course of an 

 afternoon's walk" (Packard) and Portland, Me. (Lyman) ; Isles of Shoals 

 "a few^ specimens" (Thaxter), ]Milford "common" (Whitney), Wolfboro 

 (^Nlaynard), Suncook "not common" (Thaxter), Dublin (Faxon) and 

 Walpole, N. H. "abundant" (Smith) ; and Wllliamstown, Mass. (Scud- 

 der). It is very rare at Albany, N. Y. (Lintner) and has not been 

 taken beyond the Kennebec river in Maine. 



Haunts. It frequents open breezy meadows or pastures in close prox- 

 imity to marshy land or ponds. The place where I have found it most 

 abundant is Nantucket, where it occurs sparingly near damp spots next the 



