556 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



transverse line of fnlvous scales ; sometimes also the cell is crossed near the apex by 

 a narroAver black bar, connected with the apical bar along the subcostal nervure and 

 enclosing a lighter round spot between itself and the apical bar ; the bases of the upper 

 subcostal and of the costo-subcostal interspaces are so heavily begrimed with black 

 scales as far as the mesial stripe as to appear almost wholly blackish. In the middle 

 of the outer half of the wing is a series of round black spots, subparallel to the outer 

 border, the exact homologue of those on the fore wings, but much smaller, and 

 between these and the lunules of the mesial row (exactly limited by both) are usually 

 seen clear longitudinally oval spots, the reverse of the extra-mesial row of silvery 

 spots on the under surface. The outer border is narrowly edged with black and is 

 followed by another line distant from it by a little less than half the width of an 

 interspace and connected wath it by the black veins, which are sometimes rather 

 broadly grimy and especially at their union with the inner band ; the spaces enclosed 

 between these marginal lines are of a slightly darker tint than the rest of the wnng ; 

 the inner line is followed by slender well-curved lunules, the arms of Avhich fail of 

 attaining it, enclosing between themselves and the line open roundish spots, Avhich 

 sometimes, especially in the female, are slightly paler than the prevailing color. 

 Fringe as on fore wings. 



Beneath. Fore wings buft' colored, tinged, excepting near the apex, with dull orange ; 

 the black markings of the basal half of the upper surface are repeated beneath ; the 

 row of round spots in the middle of the apical half of the wing is also repeated, but 

 in the subcostal interspaces the spots are dull cinnamoneous and each preceded by a sil- 

 very spot ; the subapical patch parallel to the initial portion of the mesial stripe, as 

 well as the subcostal veins between this and the cell, are also cinnamon instead of 

 black ; the outer border is margined with the same color, heavily above, scarcely at 

 all below, to the width of half an interspace, excepting at the very apex, Avhere it is 

 mustard colored, a tint which is found also along the whole of the costal border; 

 this is followed by a row of sagittate spots, similar to those of the upper surface, 

 blackish in the median interspaces, changing to cinnamoneous above, enclosing little 

 spots between them and the border, which, below, are of the prevailing tint of the 

 wing, but above are more or less silvery and decrease considerably in size; fringe 

 pale bufl", interrupted pretty broadly at the nervule tips with blackish fuscous. 

 Basal half of the hind loinrjs as far as the middle or even the outer limit of the extra- 

 mesial row of silvery spots (to be mentioned) cinnamoneous, besprinkled on the basal 

 third, especially next the veins, with pale buft' scales, even forming, at the divarication 

 of the subcostal nervure, a not very distinct patch, and edging the costal nervure as a 

 similar streak ; iridescent silvery spots occur in considerable numbers : the extreme 

 base of the costal border has an oval patch and a few silvery scales are also scattered 

 along the costal and inner margins for short distances ; a small spot is seen both at 

 the junction of the costal and subcostal and of the subcostal and median nervures; a 

 small, longitudinally oval, black-edged spot is found a little removed from the junction 

 of the median and sul)median nervures and two black-edged round spots in the cell, 

 the upper the larger, lying next the rtrst divarication of the subcostal nervure, the 

 lower sometimes reduced almost to a dot, next the first divarication of the median 

 nervure; then follows a premesial curving row of Ave very unequal silvery spots, 

 rounded internally and edged on that side with black ; the first spot is rudely semicir- 

 cular, occurs in the costo-subcostal interspace, above the second divarication of the 

 subcostal nervure and crosses the whole interspace ; the second in the upper subcostal 

 interspace is almost (sometimes quite) oljsolete, — a minute spot, just below the outer 

 border of the first ; the third and lai'gest, subtriangular or roundish, occurs just Avithiu 

 the extremity of the cell, crosses the whole of it and throws beyond it a little 

 powdery detachment of silvery scales ; the fourth is a diagonally transverse streak, 

 crossing the niedio-subinedian interspace, a little way beyond the first divarication of 

 the median nervure ; and the fifth, smaller still, is a longitudinal streak, beside the 

 fourth and in the succeeding interspace. Thei'eis an extra-mesial band of seven spots, 

 entirely edged witli black but most distinctly on the inner side, rudely, broadly and 



