576 THE buttp:rflies of new exgland. 



fr.)in '^ Arctic America, Ross" (Urit. :\Iiis.), Fort Simpson and Rupert's 

 Land (Edwards), Hudson Bay (Drexler, fide Edwards, Geifcken), Moose 

 Factory, Hudson Bay (AVeir) and central Labrador (Moschler). West- 

 ward it has been taken on the sliores of Lake Winnipeg (Scudder) and 

 at Crow's Nest (Geddes). A specimen in the British Museum is even 

 reported from British Cohunljia and Mr. A. G. Butler says it is found in 

 California, but Mr. W. IL Edwards denies its occurrence on the Pacific 

 coast. It is common throughout the whole of Lower Canada (rare at 

 Montreal according to Caulfield). Corneau reports it as common at God- 

 bout River on the lower St. Lawrence, Mr. Couper took it in southern 

 Labrador and Anticosti, Mr. Edwards reports it from Newfoundland, 

 Mr. Thaxter obtained specimens on Cape Breton Island, and specimens 

 from Nova Scotia are in the British Museum, and others have been sent 

 me by Mr. Jones: compared to A. aphrodite, however, it is very rare in 

 that province. South of the British possessions and beyond New England 

 it occurs in the Adirondacks (Hill), The Glen, Warren County, a single 

 specimen (Lintner) and the Catskills, N. Y., "not uncommon in certain 

 localities" (Edwards), the higher parts of Pennsylvania (Strecker, An- 

 drews), Lake Superior (Agassiz, Osten Sacken), ^Michigan (Edwards), 

 Minnesota (Scudder), Wisconsin "rare" (Hoy), Iowa (French) and 

 Illinois (Worthington) ; and Mr. Mead even found it in the valleys of the 

 Platte and Arkansas, Colorado, at an elevation of 7500-8000 feet. 



In New Eno-land it is prol)aldy common almost everywhere north of 

 Blodgett's isotherm of maximum temperature of 45° for the spring months, 

 or the northern parts of the three northern states, but is really abundant 

 only in the White Mountain district where it wholly replaces A. aphrodite. 

 It has been taken at Eastport (Shurtleff), Hallowell "occasionally seen" 

 (Miss Wads worth) and Norway Me. ; Thornton, Shelburne (Faxon, 

 ^linot), Littleton (Sanborn) and Jefferson (Scudder), and even at Sun- 

 cook "not common" (Thaxter), Dublin (Faxon) and Milford, N. H. 

 "very rare" (Whitney) ; at Mt. Mansfield "not common" (Merrill), Stow 

 "abundant" in 1886 (Miss Soule) and Lake Memphremagog, Vt. (Dim- 

 mock) ; on Mt. Tom and at South Hadley, Leverett and Deerfield (F. 

 H. Sprague), and at Williamstown, Mass., where it is not uncommon 

 (Scudder). 



Haunts. The fiivorite resorts of the butterfly are grassy fields skirting 

 the mountain streams, and it differs slightly from its congeners in preferring 

 sunny woodland nooks to open country. As Mr. Edwards remarks : "It 

 may be seen in company with arthemis . . . alighted in small clusters among 

 the damp leaves by the roadside or upon offal of any description. All 

 these species are attracted by any decaying animal matter and a piece of 

 meat or a dead bird or snake has irresistible charms for them." 



Life history. The butterfly is single brooded, the larva hibernating as 



