632 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



crosse.s the outer part of the Aviiig, pai'allel to the outer border and distant from it ))y 

 half the width of an interspace ; occasionally the outer margin of the "wing, and 

 especially the upper half of the female, is broadly besprinliled with grayish scales, 

 giving it a more or less hoary appearance ; outer border edged delicately with ciuna- 

 moneous; fringe much as on the upper surface. Hind unngs ochraceous, the basal 

 three-flfths of the wing occupied by irregular, discontinuous, somewhat intercurrent, 

 transverse, curving, ciunamoneous lines, subparallel to tlie outer border; they can 

 with difficulty be I'csolved into Ave nearly equidistant sets, the antepenultimate, count- 

 ing from the base, crossing the cell and marking its extremity ; the outermost starts 

 from the costal border at two-thirds the distance from the base, and terminates at the 

 middle of the outer half of the internal nervure, crossing the subcosto-median inter- 

 space at fully one-third the distance from the extremity of the cell ; the extremity of 

 the cell is often occupied by a large, vaguely limited, ciunamoneous brown spot, and 

 other smaller and fainter, but equally vague spots occasionally occur between con- 

 tiguous lines, particularly ou the internal half and costally above the lirst divarication 

 of the subcostal nervure ; not infrequently the outer half of the cell is filled with a 

 darker, more widely extended, brownish spot, scarcely tinged Avitli ciunamoneous, and 

 in this case the space between the two outer lines, as well as sometimes the two 

 borders of the wings, are paler than usual, forming a distinct band; in extreme cases, 

 the discal spot is still deeper in color, approaching blackish fuscous, and the band 

 becomes of a silvery gray, i:)resenting a striking contrast, more common in the female 

 than in the male, to what appears to be the normal pattern. Midway between the 

 outer line and the outer border of the wing is an arcuate row, parallel to the latter, of 

 six small, round or transverse, blackish spots, largest in the middle of the wing; next 

 to the outer margin is a series of continuous, linear, dark ciunamoneous or blackish 

 crescents, similar to the submarginal series of the fore wings, frequently followed, 

 especially in the female, by a second similar series, as far from it as it is from the 

 border ; the latter series is often wanting in the upper half of the wing ; next the 

 exterior limit of the outer line of the basal series, and following it from the costal 

 border to the middle subcostal nervule, occurs a broad, sometimes partially obsolete 

 patch of color, varying, according to the other parts of the wing, from ciunamoneous 

 brown to dark Ijrownish fuscous ; the outer border of the wing in the subcostal and me- 

 dian area has a common broad arched patch, including by its height some of the round, 

 blackish spots, but seldom obscuring any of the markings of tins region, varying from 

 a pale ciunamoneous brown to fuliginous, but usually enlivened in the upper median 

 interspace (occasionally, to a much less extent, also in the next interspace above) 

 between the two linear lunules, and sometimes as far as the outer margin, Ijy an 

 ochraceous silvery, silvery gray or grayish fuliginous, high luuule, which the outer 

 linear luuule divides in two, if not, as occasionally, obsolete; in the darkest, most pro- 

 nounced individuals (the extreme of P. t. marcia) this large marginal spot joins the extra- 

 mesial spot of the costal margin, and spreads across the whole wing, occupying as a 

 fuscous area, in strong contrast to the silvery mesial band, the Avhole outer half of the 

 wing, relieved only by the silvery marginal lunule of the upper median interspace 

 and a large, silvery gray patch at the apex of the wing; more or less distinctly the 

 latter pale patch is present in all infnscated specimens ; in some of the darker individ- 

 uals the space between the two submarginal series of linear lunules, or, still more 

 seldom, the whole mai'gin as far as the inner series is of a slightly paler fuliginous 

 than the neighboring tints ; and sometimes a pale ochraceous or pale silvery gray spot 

 occurs at the anal angle, similar to, but smaller than that at the apex of the wing; the 

 outer border is delicately edged with cinnamoneous or blackish; fringe as on the 

 upper surface. 



Abdomen al)ove and on sides Ijlackish l^roAvu, besprinkled with a few fulvous scales 

 on the sides and toward the extremity of the body above, especially at the tips of the 

 segments; beneath white, occasionally marked, in the middle of the segments, by 

 subventral touches of fulvous. Appendages of male : clasps tapering from the base to 

 the tip when viewed from the side, but with a pretty well marked division into a l^asal 



