NYMPH ALINAE : EUPHYDRYAS PHAETON. 695 



stigmatal row of transverse black spots, similar in appearance to the spiracles, sit- 

 uated posteriorly. Ventral surface marked rather heavilj' with black, margined with 

 orange; a lateroventral series of small, transverse, orange spots, two on a segment 

 and on either side a row of black spots. Tubercles of thorax and abdomen orange, 

 sometimes tipped with black or shining fuscous, and usually bordered at the base on 

 the anterior and inner side with black; these basal black markings and the oblique, 

 central, subdorsal dashes sometimes become confluent on the posterior segments and 

 form tortuous, brace-like, black markings. Spiracles black. Cremaster black 

 throughout excepting anteriorly, Avhere it encloses a double orange spot. Length, 

 17.5 mm.; width at thorax, G mm. ; width at base of abdomen, 5.5 ram.; height of 

 thorax, C, mm. ; height of middle of body, G.5 mm. 



Distribution (22: 7). This butterfly is a member of the Alleghanian 

 and Canadian faunas, but being eminently local in its habits has not yet 

 been found over the whole extent of the country which it probably occu- 

 pies ; it is abundant along the Atlantic coast and apparently equally so 

 inland : but its western limits are as yet doubtful. Dr. Kirtland reports it 

 from several points in Ohio and Mr. Harrington says it is common in south- 

 ern Michigan. The Museum of the University of Michigan also contains 

 specimens taken in that state. Mr. Worthington and Dr. Levette record 

 it from Illinois, and I saw specimens in the Chicago Academy's Museum. 

 Dr. Hoy says it is "rather rare" in Wisconsin, and Professor Parker that 

 it occurs in Iowa ; single captures have even been made by Dr. Dawson 

 at the Lake of the Woods and by Professor Snow in eastern Kansas. 

 Southwardly it is common in the neighborhood of Philadelphia (Blake), 

 Maryland (Uliler) and West Virginia (Edwards), and Edwards also 

 reports it from Kentucky; to the north it occurs in Quebec "rare" 

 (Bowles), Montreal (Caulfield, Pearson), Ottawa "common" (Billings, 

 Fletcher) , and at Nepigon, north of Lake Superior (Fletcher). It has 

 been reported from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. The anonymous 

 statement (Field and forest, iii : 132) that it was once taken on Christmas 

 day in Denton County, Texas, is unquestionably false. 



In New England it is found abundantly everywhere from the heart of 

 the White Mountains to the lower portion of the Connecticut River valley ; 

 but owing to its local habits it is ordinarily esteemed rare. It has not 

 been reported further east than Hallo well (Miss Wads worth), Water- 

 ville (Hamlin) and Orono (Fernald) in Maine, in all which places it is 

 accounted rare. 



Localization. It occurs only in bogs or moist and shady meadows of 

 small extent seldom frequented by the aurelian, and is often so limited in 

 its range as scarcely to be seen one hundred yards from a spot where it 

 swarms. Mr. Emery writes that he has found it in greatest abundance 

 near Springfield, Mass., on a spot less than an acre in extent, and another 

 locality which he has visited for several years in search of it will not meas- 

 ure more than three rods by ten. Dr. Minot has found all his specimens 

 in Quincy, Mass., in a field about two acres in extent. Indeed one might 



