ATMOSPHEROLOGY.-^TEMPERATURE. 35S 



mula *, which, through the extent of the Atlantic 

 Ocean, determined a temperature tliat was found 

 to correspond with most of the observations which 

 had been made, to a surprising nearness. For the 

 estimation of the temperature of regions peculiarly 

 situated as to elevation, or remoteness from tlie sea, 

 either of which circumstances was found to dimi- 

 nish the mean heat, different philosophers have 

 presented appropriate formula?. From Mayer's for- 

 mula, and from all the tables of the mean tempera- 

 ture of the polar regions, which 1 have met with, 

 the temperature of the North Pole comes out about 

 31° or 32°, and that of latitude 78", about 33« or 

 34° f . This has been considered as a near approxi- 

 mation ; and, so long as observations were wanting, 

 served for purposes of investigation, to complete the 

 scale of the temperature of the globe. But though 

 an approximation, it will be found to be very wide 



* The following is Mayer's formula as given by Professor 

 Playfair, in his " Outlines of Natural Philosophy/' vol. i. 

 p. 296, 3d edit. : 



" Let t be the mean temperature of any parallel of which 

 the latitude is L,, M the mean temperature of the parallel of 

 45°, and M + E the mean temperature of the equator, then is 

 < =r M + E cos 2 L. In this formula, M zz 58°, and E = 27°. 

 When 2 L >. QO, cos 2 L is negative." 



t Hutton's Philosoph. and Mathem. Dictionary, edit. 1815, 

 Art. Temperature, (by Mayer's formida from Kirwan) ; — 

 Temperature of the Pole, 81" of lat. 78° 33°.2 



According to Leslie, Elem. of 



Geometry, p. 49(), 32° 78° 34°. 2 



VOL. r. z 



