8o Voyage of the Novara. 



about alone and unarmed, or require less precautions, as in 

 this once penal colony. 



The number of criminal cases of all sorts in the colony 

 during the last ten years, during which the population has 

 increased from 189,600 to 266,189, is as follows: — ■ 



445 accused, of whom were executed 4 



- — — 4 

 _ _ _ 4 



- _ _ 2 



- — — 5 

 _ 2 



- — — 6 



- (one of these a woman) 5 



- — — 



- — — 4 



One must not forget to take into account that by far the 

 larger portion of the population are recruited from the lower 

 class, as measured by education. On the whole we may as- 

 sume that of the 305,487 souls, 30,000 men and 20,000 

 women can neither read nor ivrite. 



As to the intimate connection between crime and ignor- 

 ance, most striking confirmation is obtained from investiga- 

 tions made in England and Wales in 1842-44, in the case of 

 69,616 criminals, of whom 21,799 or 31.3 per cent, could 

 neither read nor write, 41,620 or 59.8 per cent, could read 

 and write imperfectly, 5909 or 8.5 per cent, could read and 

 write well, and only 308 or 0.4 per cent, had received a good 

 education. 



The present population of New South Wales, despite all 



