Rules to he observed m future Penal Colonies. 85 



made for a certain proportion of female population, which 

 might consist partly of female criminals, and partly of tlie 

 wives of such of the male criminals as should, after a sufficient 

 probation, be permitted to have tlieir wives and children con- 

 veyed at the cost of Government to their place of exile. 

 Lastly, the nucleus of a female population thus already formed 

 might be added to from time to time, by sending out such 

 discharged female criminals as had no visible means of making 

 an honest livelihood in the mother country. It were a noble 

 object for Clmstian activity and religious harmony to pro- 

 vide the means for sending these wretched outcasts to the 

 new home that was thus being formed. 



6. The importation of spirituous liquors, that fruitful cause 

 of so much crime, must be confined within the narrowest 

 limits. One cannot believe that even in unhealtliy places, 

 where the water frequently is very impure and unhealthy, 

 owing to vegetable matters held in solution, the use of strong 

 spirituous liquors must needs be unavoidable. Tea and coifee 

 will in such places, as I experienced myself during several 

 years' residence in unhealthy climates, be found excellent 

 substitutes. 



7. No official of the colony, civil or military, should be 

 permitted to trade in any article except the natural products 

 of the soil. On the other hand, it would be advisable that 

 each emploi/e should have assigned him by Government, a 

 t^act of land for cultivation corresponding to his rank. 



There can be little doubt, and it may well be advanced as 



