Appendix VII. 515 



and setting aside all the Christian precepts of charit}', renunciation of 

 worldly goods, moderation, and submission to the powers that be, placed 

 themselves in open rebellion, and endeavoured by every possible means 

 to subvert the peace. Thus Romanism succeeded in raising in Santan- 

 der an army of 3000 men, in Tolima another of 1000, and in Boyaca 

 and Cundinamarca several armed companies, one of which (that of 

 Guasca) numbered upwards of 1000 soldiers. The Government did not, 

 nevertheless, concern itself much about this, because on its side were 

 reason, opinion, and strength. Now, I am glad to tell you, that out of 

 the nine States of the Colombian Union, seven enjoy an order and 

 tranquillity as absolute as unchangeable. The heroic State of Santander, 

 BO maltreated by the Centralists during four years, docs not contain on 

 its soil one armed enemy, and its Government, diligent and efficient in 

 peace as in war, is directing its attention to the re-establishraent of 

 commerce and the good exercise of its administration. The faction of 

 Tolima, after having committed incalculable depredations and excesses, 

 has been completely subdued. The parties fomented in Boyaca and 

 Cundinamarca have been broken up ; the only one which has hitherto 

 been able to maintain a footing, although considerably diminished, that 

 of Guasca, has been overcome during the last few daj-s, its chief having 

 been killed in battle. The only disturbed States are therefore now 

 those of Cauca and Antioquia. Thus, then, considering that the seven 

 States in which order and peace reign, Panama, Bolivar, Magdalena, 

 Santander, Boyaca, Cundinamarca, and Tolima, are on the coast, in the 

 north and centre ; that is to say, the most important ones in a commer- 

 cial, financial, and military point of view, because in them are princi- 

 pally found the ports through which our foreign commerce is carried 

 on, the rich custom-houses, the salt mines, the navigable rivers, the 

 most valuable riches, the most abundant agricultural produce, the 

 sources of our exports, the great mass of the population, and the greatest 

 amount of the national strength ; it may very reasonably be concluded 

 that Colombian order rests upon firm bases, — and considering, further, 

 that in the tv/o States still unquiet, the disturbers are reduced to very 

 narrow limits, having no port through which to introduce the elements 

 of war, no funds at their disposal to increase or maintain their present 

 force ; — that public opinion is generally against them, seeking all means 



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