780 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



have led siihsecjuciit writers to state that tliesc species underp;o their trans- 

 formations in a roUed-ii]) leaf, but there is no warrant whatever for such 

 a statement, tiie chrysalis lieing represented in both cases as entirely 

 exjjosed to view lying- next the midrib of the leaf; the leaf is, indeed, 

 curled slightly at the edge, but this is either for supposed artistic ettiect, 

 or else it is meant to indicate that the caterpillar turns the leaf into a sort 

 of trougii for partial concealment ; but, if so, the trough is slight and wide 

 open, and there is not the slightest .semblance of a cocoon in the transfor- 

 mation, nor is anything of the sort stated in the text, but only that it is 

 attiiched by the tail and by a median girth. 



These are all the data we have for the tranisformntions of the Nemeo- 

 biidi. The i-emainder relate to the Lemoniidi, and are in fewer cases 

 illustrated. The first refers to a species of Limnas, which Bar states is 

 crepuscular in the imago state ; his only mention of the transformations 

 is that they are attached to twigs by their tail alone, but not free, lying 

 along the twig that supports them ; this at least I take to be the mean- 

 ing of his expression ("soudees le long de quelques rameaux"), since he 

 contrasts it with the fixedness of the chrysalis in the genus Thecla, and 

 the more so as he uses the same expression with regard to the chrysalis of 

 Ancyluris meliboeus, wliicli he elsewhere tells us is suspended head down- 

 ward without any transverse girth. 



Of this latter species he gives a fuller account, and says the caterpillar 

 resembles Liparis but is proportionally broader : that the sides are fiir- 

 nislicd witli tul)ercles or solid points of unequal length placed in two 

 rows, the upper row being composed of six points placed on the hinder 

 segments, and the lower row of four shorter points similarly placed ; pale 

 fulvous hairs cover the side of the entire body, concealing all the parts 

 below them, forming rather long tufts : the dorsal portion is fulvous and 

 covered with large velvety black spots formed of pile, in the midst of which 

 one may distinguish longer pure white hairs, cottony at the tip ; the size 

 of the head is not stated. The chrysalis resembles that of a Thecla ; the 

 head is stated to be provided with two short earlets directed backwards ; 

 by these are evidently meant the prothoracic spiracles, and he must there- 

 fore have confounded the head and prothoracic segment ; his statement 

 therefore indicates that the head is entirely concealed on the under side of 

 the body ; especially as he adds that this "head" is emarginate in the mid- 

 dle, which is exactly the case with the prothorax in Neineobius, and 

 indeed in many Lycaeninae, and is doubtless a common character of 

 Lycaenidae. The segments are said to be supplied with the same tulicr- 

 cles as the caterpillar, the general color being whitish with the reproduc- 

 tion of the spots found in the caterpillar. 



The chrysalis of Diorhina, closely allied to the last, is said by Bar to 

 hang in precisely the same way. So. too. Bates states that Eniesis man- 



