HYPERMETAiMORPIIOSlS IN BUTTERFLIES. 805 



tlicir rapully growing bodies. lUit 1 call attention rather to the fact that 

 with the first sloughing of the integument an entirely different set of a|)- 

 pendages is assumed. The fresh integument of subsequent moultings may 

 be likened to a new spring suit, very like the old one, but bright and 

 clean ; while the diffcrenee of armature accompanying the first moidt is 

 more like the difference between the dress of a child and of a man. The 

 dress of our manhood differs as much from that of our infancy as it does 

 from the dress of a savage ; in like manner the clothing of a full grown cat- 

 erpillar often differs as much from its clothing at birth as it does from 

 that of a caterpillar belonging to a different tribe. 



To [ircscnt a few examples : The mature caterpillars of our brown 

 meadow butterflies or satyrs, Satyrinae, have a rougii skin, the result of a 

 multitude of minute tubercles ; each of these tubercles bears a simple hair, 

 scarcely visible to the naked eye. In the young caterpillar of these but- 

 terflies the skin, instead of being supplied with an almost innumerable 

 number of microscopic hairs, is fui-nished, in some instances, with an ex- 

 ceedingly scanty number of little club-shaped bristles, proportionally many 

 times longer than the hairs of the adult, sometimes much longer in front 

 and behind than in the middle of the body, and arranged in definite, 

 longitudinal series ; in still others it is furnished with compressed, ribbon- 

 like hairs, as long as the body, serrated on one edge and bent in the 

 middle ; on the abdominal segments these hairs point backward and on 

 the thoracic forward ; that is, the caterpillar wears a bang. 



In the Nymphalidi the segments of the young caterpillar are equal in 

 size and have regular scries of stellate warts ; in the mature caterpillar 

 the body is grotesquely hunched, v\hile the warts have changed to very 

 variable tubercles, one set, mounted on the highest hunch, presenting a 

 formidable appearance as a pair of knotted clubs as long as the breadth of 

 the body. In the Monarch or milk weed butterfly, Anosia plexippus, 

 the full grown caterpillar is naked, but adorned with a pair of long, 

 thread-like, fleshy, flexible tentacles at either extremity of the body ; in 

 the young caterpillar these tentacles or filaments are absent, but their 

 fiiture position is marked by little conical, black points, while the body is 

 covered with minute black bristles, arising from still more minute warts, 

 and arranged six on the back of each segment, placed four in a row in 

 front, one on each side behind, and three on either side of the body, one 

 in the middle of the segment and two below. 



In the anglewings, Vanessidi, which furnish our ordinary spiny cater- 

 pillars, these spines are compoimd in the adult (that is, they bear 

 subsidiary spinules), and are arranged in certain definite rows. In 

 their earliest life, these same caterpillars are furnished with long, taper- 

 ing hairs also arranged in definite series, but not occupying the same posi- 

 tion as the spines of the mature caterpillar. Now in each genus of spiny 



