826 TIIH BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



males are almost always more numerous than the females, sometimes to a 

 marked extent ; the eggs hateh in about a week and thus before midsum- 

 mer they are all in chrysalis, from which the butterflies do not emerge until 

 the followin" spring ; for all the species are single brooded, whether in the 

 north or south. The history of the European Callophrys is identical. The 

 transformations of all our species are known. The caterpillars feed upon 

 Rosaceae, Ericaceae and Coniferae. The butterflies are not rapid fliers and 

 on aliii'liting, as they fVe(]uentIy do, the wings are held erect and the 

 hinder pair immediately rubbed together up and down, with a slow irregu- 

 lar movement ; this is common to both sexes. 



The eggs are of a very depressed, echinoid shape, profusely studded 

 with prominent tubercles, connected by ridges. 



The juvende larvae are furnished witli a laterodorsal clustered series 

 of long haii-s, some tapering, nearly erect and curving, others e(jual, 

 straight and directed backward ; the ventrostigmatal fold has a somewhat 

 similar clustered series of long hairs, which are microscopically spiculed. 



Tlie mature caterpillars are similar in general appearance to those of 

 Thecla, the segments more moniliform, the body proportionately broader 

 in front, and the laterodorsal ridge and ventrostigmatal fold furnished 

 with hairs somewhat larger than those which cover the rest of the body. 

 Their color is similar to that of the larvae of Thecla. 



The cluysalids also closely resemble those of Thecla, and are of the 

 usual dark brown color. 



EXCURSUS XXVIII. — HABIT AS A GUIDE IN CLASSIFICA- 

 TION. 



Ah sini Papilio iiatiis in flosculo, Masficam si possem virgam furari, 



Rosac ul)i liliaque et violae patent ; Alas has pulohr-is aptem ml, chcii I 



Ploril)iis atlvolans, avolans,osc'ulo Aestivis aetis ilicbus in acre, 



Genimuias tangeiis, quae sauv6 olent ! Rosa eubaiit Philoiiielae eantii. 



Reifiia et opes ego ueutiqiiain postulo, Opes quid afferuut? Curas, somnuiii rart; 



Nolo ego ad pedes qui se volutent — Regiia nil praeter aeruninas, elieu I 



Ah sini Papilio natus in flosculo Ah sim Papilio, die volans afire, 



Osfulans geuunas quae sauve olent ! Rosfl Cubans Philomilae cantu I 



Quenique horum vagulum dicis horrore 



Frigora Autuuini'ferire suo : 

 Aestas quando abiit, niallcni ego mori, 

 Omni quod dulce est cadeute pulchro. 

 Brumae qui cupiunt eaptent labore 



Gaudia, et moras breves trahunto — 

 Ah sim Papilio; vivam in errore, 

 Concidamque omni cadente pulchro. 



F. W [rangham] . 



The iiabits of butterflies are of extreme antiquity. They are ingrained 

 into the very texture of their lives. They are older than, or at least as old as, 

 the patterns which adorn their wings. Moreover buttei-flies have two sets 

 of habits, and tiiese statements are equally true of either. The hal)its of 

 their earlier life as a crawling caterpillar find no place in their aerial life 



