LYOAEN[NAK: OYANIHIS PSEUDAIKJIOLUS. 945 



pies of all tlicse forms. In uddition thorc are tiie following interesting 

 points : Mr. Edwards finds that the neglccta of the first brood in West 

 Virtrinia are larjror than most of those of the second brood and gives to the 

 former the distinctive special name |)soudaroiolus( proper) ; but inasmuch as 

 some of the second brood are of the same size, and no genetic connection 

 between large and large of the same year has been shown : and as, further 

 to the north, all the larger neglecta so fiir as I have seen them come from 

 the second brood, we do not seem warranted in applying a distinctive 

 name. Mr. Kdwards has furtiier nominally segregated an intermediate 

 type between liicia and vioiacca in the region where these exist together, 

 calling it marginata, and by means of it attempts to show that lucia and 

 violaceafly at the same time, which his own statistics show is not the case if 

 "marginata" is looked upon, as I have always done, as only one phase in 

 the variation of lucia. an opinion which is confirmed by finding in all the 

 range of this polymorphic and especially topomoi-phic butterfly no place 

 where one flics without the other, from Alaska and Vancouver to Labra- 

 dor and southern New England. 



In the extreme west, on the Pacific slope, we have a new form, piasus, 

 most resembling neglecta, which so far as observations have gone appears 

 to be single brooded iu the north, double brooded in the south and to show 

 no difference between the broods ; as sharp a contrast as could well be 

 found to the character of the species elsewhere ; and it is the more strange 

 as in Arizona (though, it sliould be noted, among the mountains) an ashen 

 tinted form of violacea appears, to which Edwards has given the varietal 

 name cincrca. This form piasus occurs as far north as central California. 

 What is found to the north of that is not well known. At Vancouver, how- 

 ever, lucia and violacea are met with and violacea at least in Oregon, and 

 it would seem as if, in the intei-vening area, not only lucia but also violacea 

 must disappear and leave only the more weakly marked Pacific represen- 

 tative of neglecta as the remnant of the polymorphism of the first brood, 

 and which does not become digoneutic until left in possession of the field. 



It is Mr. Edwards's belief, apparently, that in the east at least the various 

 forms perpetuate themselves; or at least that "neai'ly all the butterflies 

 of the first generation nuist come in direct descent from their own form of 

 the year before" ; and tiiat the i)rogeny of the first generation of neglecta 

 in West Virginia ('"pseudargiolus") either give the same form the next 

 year or the same large neglecta ("pseudargiolus") the same season. This 

 does not seem to me to stand on so good apparent grounds as he would 

 appear to think, for I much doubt whether even bis quick discernment can 

 distinjjuish in a dried and dead chrvsalis the dififerenee betw'cen the forms, 

 and most especially between neglecta and "pseudargiolus." It seems far 

 more probable that the three spring forms are made up indiscriminately of 

 all the forms of the preceding year, as is apparently the case with Iphicli- 



"9 



II 



