LYCAENINAE: CVANlltlS I'SKl 1>A1;( llol.US 1)47 



80 wide a raiiLje of country, iiivoh iiig mtv diverse climates and Horas, 

 with tlie atlcction of tlie caterpillars for the parts of the floral envelope 

 rather than the leaves of its food plants, and the nmltifarious forms as- 

 sumed both by the caterpillar and the imago, render the complete elucida- 

 tion of its natural history one of the most per|ilexing and interesting 

 problems open to the biologist. The difficulty attending the safe carriage 

 of chrysalids of Lycaeninae through the winter is one great obstacle to 

 success, wliich Mr. Kdwards witli all his attempts to simulate natural con- 

 ditions, has I)eeu unal)K' as yet to entirely overcome. 



The relationship of each of the types that successively a[)pear in any one 

 region in a single season to each other, and to the same types the succeed- 

 ing season, needs to be made out in scores of examples to learn the degree 

 of dependence one has upon another. Particularly is it necessary to 

 understand the connection of the earliest a[)[)caring summer tyj)es with the 

 other. This is a bit of patient work in which any one disposed can bear 

 his part, and it is, before all, the most essential point to be studied in any 

 one locality. Particularly should it bo followed out along the flanks of 

 the Alleghanies from the Catskill region to West Virginia, that we may 

 discover the exact changes which gradually come over the local history of 

 the species from north to south. The food plants of the larva doubtless 

 vary considerably in different regions, and therefore this also should be 

 carefully looked into in many different stations. Actinomeris for instance, 

 on which alone Mr. Edwards finds the later caterpillars, does not grow at 

 all in New England, and must be replaced by something else. Those 

 who doubt the intimate connection of "marginata" and lucia for which I 

 have here contended need also to investigate the seasonal relations of the 

 supposed intermediate form to the others and its segregation as a distinct 

 type. The difficulty of connecting the history of the Pacific form, piasus, 

 with our own, renders it not impossible that notwithstanding its very close 

 resemblance it may prove distinct. Fuller study of its history, and a 

 knowledge of the Cyanirides of Oregon and Washington Territory are 

 requisite. The species of attendant ants should be determined. 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.— CYAKIRIS PSEUDARGIOLUS. 



General. Caterpillar. 



PI. 24, fig. 6. Distribution iu North America. PI. 75, figs. 29, 39. Mature caterpillars. 



89 : 17. Exorista thcclarum, a parasite ; 40, 45. Same, dor.sal view. 



head. 70: 28. Front view of head, stage v. 



19. The same; wing. 87: 14. Lateral caruncles, eighth abilom- 



Egff. inal segment. 



PI. 65, fig. 14. Oblique view. 19. Hinderextremity of bodyin out- 



15. Surface sculpture. line, to show position of vesicle and ca- 



18. Colored, side view. runcles. 

 68 : 6. Micropyle. 



