pikrixap:: Till-; tkihk khodoc^eridi. 1041 



Mature catarpiUar. IK-nil siiiiilli'i- tliiiii any pnrt of the Ixxly. Sc!;iiioiils diviilcd 

 Into six Iransverse Mccttons; body covered iinlfonnly witli e(iual inlnnto warts, omit- 

 ting oai-li a short li:i)r, or If unei|ual the larger are raii!;cd In transvursv and not lonKl- 

 tndlnal series: front pair of lojis notU-oably shortiT tlian the others. 



Chrysalis, rroniinoncos of the IkmIv jjenerally roiindrd ; under s\irrace swollen 

 at the ndddle by the protnberanec of the wlnj;s; lateral rld^e hichidin;; the nppcr 

 edi:e of the whins; apical portion of tho wings tuuchln-^ each other, both antennae 

 and tongne falllii!; short of their apex. 



The butterHies of this tribe are iisiiiilly of iiieiliiiiii size thoiigli more 

 viiriiible thiin other tribes of Pierinae and their colora are different sliades 

 of yellow, marked with l)Iack. They are soniewliat aimndaiit in the tem- 

 perate zones and generally very niuiieroiis in individuals, ^^'allaee, writ- 

 ing of the Aiiuizons, says (Travels, t!5) : — "The insects most abundant 

 were the yellow butterHies, which often settled in great numbers on the 

 beach, and when disturbed rose in a body, forming a complete yellow and 

 orange tliittering <'loiid." 



So, too, in our own country Doubleday writes (Arc. ent., i : 144) that 

 he has seen in Illinois, in the autumn, philodice, coesonia, nicippe, lisa and 

 eubule "in groups, literally of hundreds (the first-named insect generally 

 making ninetcen-twentieths of the company), on a space not six feet 

 square. The philodices sit with their wings over the back, in rows, quite 

 close together, in fact sometimes touching each other, thirty or forty in a 

 row." (iosse writes of West Indian butterflies (Ann. mag. nat. hist., [2J 

 ii: 114) :— 



The liabit which the yellow Picridae have of resorting in numbers to the margin of 

 water is common to the Jamaican species as well as their fellows in other parts of 

 the world. During the rainy season, when tlie afternoon showers fill the hollows of 

 the highways with broad but shallow pools which the intense morning sun eitlier wholly 

 or in part dries up. one may see, towards the middle of the day, each little patch of 

 slushy mud surrounded by a yellow fringe composed of a multitude truly surprising, 

 of these butterHies, large and small, chieHy Callidryas and Terias, which sit on the 

 very edge of the water, side by side, their wings erect and closed, and their long 

 suckers protruded and busily extracting the moisture. For the most part a consider- 

 able number on the wing are hovering about the spot, some alighting and some rising 

 every moment. If compelled to take flight, which they do very reluctantly, the multi- 

 tude of yellow wings that in a moment throng the surrounding air is quite astonishing 

 and forms a very pleasant sight. 



The flight of the butterflies is much stronger and more rapid than that 

 of the other groups of Pierinae — hence Hiibner's excellent name for thcni. 

 The wings of the males are frequently bordered witli patches of slightly 

 elevated scales, causing a peculiar lustreless appearance nearly unknown 

 in the other groups of Pierinae. The eggs are always laid singly and 

 are of extraordinan,- height and slendemess. The caterpillars feed almost 

 exchisivelv on Leguminosae. The chrysalids are not so elongated as in 

 the Anthocharidi, more rounded and less angulated than those of the 

 Pieridi ; their wing cases protrude beneath (often strongly), giving the 

 body a bent appearance. 



