1076 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



upon the wings, and continuing to the sides of the creinaster. Preanal button termi. 

 nating in front in two little appressed teeth; cremaster abundantly supplied with 

 hooks, consisting of a moderately long pedicel, enlarged slightly and gradually from 

 the tip to its extremity, the thickened extremity consisting of the quarter of the shell 

 of a sphere, thinning toward the edge. Spiracles very long oval, scarcely protuberant. 



This is a strictly American genus richly represented within the tropics, 

 especially north of the equator and above all in the Antilles ; two or three 

 species occur in the southern United States, one of which (found also in 

 the northern Antilles) extends to the southern limits of New England. 



The butterflies are among the smallest of Pierinae, seldom varying far 

 from an inch and a half in expanse. They are pale or bright sulphur 

 yellow, the apex of the fore wings bearing above a very large, dark brown 

 patch, the inner edge of which crosses the wing diagonally ; the upper 

 half of the outer border of the hind wings is usually bordered with the 

 same and a small spot is often found at the tip of the cell, both above 

 and below, excepting on the upper svirface of the hind wings ; the under 

 surface of the latter is very variable, mottled and clouded with rosy ferru- 

 ginous tints, often disposed in transverse bands and usually forming a 

 conspicuous spot at the tip of the upper subcostal interspace. 



The insects appear to be more than single brooded, but their life 

 histories are insufficiently known. The butterflies, says Bates, "although 

 insects of feeble flight fly directly onwards like most of the Pierinae." 

 Wallace calls them denizens of the woods on the Amazons, and says they 

 prefer "the dry and more open parts of the forest country and often even 

 come out into the full sunshine." Gosse, writing of the Jamaican species, 

 says (Ann. mag. nat. hist. (2) ii : 113-14) : — 



"I may remark of all these as well as of the genera just named [Callidryas, Gonep- 

 teryx] that in a road they do not hover about or play backward and forward as some 

 butterflies do, but pursue the course of the road, one way or the other, and that not- 

 withstanding the occasional interruptions of alighting, with pretty constant regularity, 

 mostly keeping to that side of the road on which each may happen to be. I think I 

 have remarked that most go the same way, though without any association. Occa- 

 sionally one miy be observed to return upon its course, but in such case it commonly 

 pursues the new direction with the same regularity until out of sight. But the more 

 proper and peculiar resorts of the Teriades are large open plains, old pastures and 

 guinea grass pieces, especially the former two, which are generally overrun with 

 herbaceous weeds as the Asclepiadeae, various species of Cassia and Papilionaceae. 

 . . . Here they flit two and fro without any regularity a few inches above the ground 

 or herbage, alighting every instant." 



The eggs are very graceful objects, shaped like an "Indian club" with- 

 out the handle and are laid singly. 



The caterpillars resemble those of Eurymus but are more slender ; they 

 are principally green with a paler lateral stripe and feed on Leguminosae 

 and perhaps only on Cassia. 



The chrysalids are straight with the wings somewhat produced, though 

 not so much as in Xanthidia, and have a slight dorsal elevation on the 



