PIEKINAK: PONTIA PROTODICE. 11G3 



•Eurvmi in tlio nortli tenipenitc regions ami of Callidryades in the 

 tropici of the New World, it Hceiiis a little surprising that we have among 

 them no single species whieii has a range at all extraordinary, and no 

 example of widespread distrihiition through two hemispheres. At least 

 such must 1)0 the judgment of one who cannot look upon two forms having 

 an entirely dilforont development in two hemispheres, as holding any right 

 to be eonsidered otherwise than as now distinct species. But there are 

 others who claim an identity of species between some of the forms of 

 Eurymus on the two northern continents. In one case, indeed, it would 

 appear that one of our common species of Eurymus, E. philodice, was 

 introduced by some accident into England, and flourished there for a brief 

 wliilc, l)ut speedily became extinct. 



It seems almost eipially surprising, considering the dependence of in- 

 sects upon their food plants, that we find not a single instance of any re- 

 markable distribution among butterflies feeding in their caterpillar state 

 upon Leguniinosae or upon grasses, although a very considerable number 

 of i>utterflies affect these particular groups. It is, therefore, plain that 

 besides the universal distribution of its larval food plant, something more 

 is needed to open before any butterfly the possibilities of a cosmopolitan 

 life. 



The spring brood. 



PONTIA PROTODICE.— The chequered white. 



[The chequered white (Scuddei-) ; tlio soiitliftrii cabbage butterfly (Uiley) ; cabbage butterfly 



(Ross); l)orilered white butterfly (Maynard).] 



Pieris prntodice Boisd.-LeC, Liip. Ani6r. Figured also by Glover, 111. K. A. Lep., pi. 



sept, 4*46, pi. 17, figs. 1-3 (1830);-Boisd., 2, flg. G (3 figs.); pi. 27, figs. 11-12; pi. H, fig. 



Spec. g6n. L6p., i:5i3 (1836) ;—D'Urb., Can. 7(ined.). 

 nat.. ii: 347-348, pi. 6, figs. 3-5 (1857); v:243 



(1860) ;— Scudd., Proc. Bost. soc. nat. hist., PONTIA PROTODICE VERNALIS. 

 viii: 180-181 (1861); — Morr., Syu. Lep. N. 

 Amer., 17, 317-318 (1862);— Reak., Proc. cnt. 



soc. Philad-vi: 133 (1866);— Pacli., Guide ins., Pieris vernalis Edw., Proc. ent. soc. 



249-50 (186.S) ;— Riley, Rep. ius. Missouri, ii: Philad., ii:501-£02 (1864); Butt. N. Amer., 



104-105, figs. 72-74 (1870); Am. ent., ii: 77, i, Pieris 2, figs. 1-4 (1871) ;— Real;., Proc. ent. 



figs. 53-55 (1870);Rep. U.S. dep.agric, 1883, soc. Philad., vi : 132 (1866). 



114-115, pi. 10, figs. 2-4 (1883) ;—Glov., Rep. Pieris iirotodice var. vernalis Edw., Cat. 



U. S. dep. agric, 1870. 79-80, fig. .38 (3 figs.) Lep. Araer., 13 (1877). 



(1870) ;— Bean, Can. ent., ix : 201-203 (1877) ;— Pieris calyce Edw., Trans. Am. ent. soc. 



French, Rep. ins. III., vii: 141-143. figs. 32-33 iii : 189 (1870). 

 (1878); Butt. east. U. S., 107-110, figs. 23-25 



(1886);— Thoni., Rep. ins. 111., ix : 25, figs. 5-6 pontia protodice protodice. 

 (1880) ;-MiddI Rep ins. 111. x : 76, figs. 7-8 

 (1881);— Coq., ibid. 178. fig. 74(1881) ;—Mayn., 



Butt. N. Engl., 48, pi. 5, figs. 65, 65a (1886). Pieris protodice Boisd.-LeC. (as above). 



S'Jiicfiloe protodice Scadd., Syst. rev.Am. Pieris occidentalis Reak., Proc. cut. soc. 



butt., 42 (1872). Phil., vi: 133-1.34 (1866);— Mead, Psyche, ii: 



Pontia protodice Scudd., Butt., 153, figs. 26, 184 (1878) ;— H. Edw., Ent. am., iii : 162 (1887). 



135, 136 (1881). Pieris nasturtii Edw., Proc. ent. soc. 



Papilio Abb., Draw. ins. Geo. Brit. Philad., ii : 501 (1864). 



Mus., vi: 19, figs. 77, 78 (ca. 1800). (Not Pieris nasturtii Boisd.) 



