1180 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



toward Pliiladclphia the hutterfly is not known to have spread more than 

 ten or fifteen miles in any direction from New York. 



Tlie noithern horde of invaders in the meantime was steadily pusliing 

 southward ; how far to the west is quite unknown, for there are no roj)orts 

 for 18(59 from the St. Lawrence valley, except the one above referred to, of 

 its ravages at Chateauguay. So, too, from Vermont and New Hampshire, 

 the only accounts are of its great abundance in the northern portions and 

 its appeai'ance in every quarter, these including the alpine regions of the 

 White Mountains. In Maine, however, it had everywhere reached the 

 seacoast and was found in numbers in all the inhabited portions. It was 

 abundant at Bangor and reported from Norway, Mt. Desert Island at the 

 end of July, Eastportand Portland. It was indeed along the seacoast that 

 it pushed its way southward most rapidly, for in the spring of this year it 

 reached Boston. I saw my first specimen on July 17, on Boston Com- 

 mon, but other observers were ahead of me. Mr. P. S. Sprague, for 

 instance, saw it in the same spot April 2(5, and Mr. F. A. Clapp on May 

 20 ; by the autumn they were not very uncommon. A single specimen 

 was also said to have been seen this year near Worcester, but this is ren- 

 dered exceedingly doubtful by subsequent reports. Probably the nearest 

 point at which the northern horde approached the southern was somewhere 

 on the Hudson or Connecticut Rivers not far above the latitude of 43° N. 



For although, as we have seen, it was abundant at Sudbury in Auirust, 

 1868, it was not until the spring of 1870, to which j'ear we now turn with 

 some curiosity, that it was recognized in the centre of eastern New York, 

 whei-e two such entomologists lived as Dr. Asa Fitch and Mr. J. A. 

 Lintner. East Greenwich where Dr. Fitch resided is almost halfway 

 from Albany, Mr. Lintner's home, to Sudbury, Vt., yet in both these 

 New Y'ork localities it appeared for the first recognized time in 1870, 

 and then not until midsummer. Under date of March 1(5, 1872, ]\Ir. J. 

 A. Lintner writes me in detail regai-ding its appearance this year: "I 

 observed it here [Albany] for the first time on July 24. Dr. Fitch 

 reports it at his residence in East Greenwich, Washington Co., thirty-two 

 miles in a direct line E. of N. from Albany, on the 2d of August. On 

 August 6, I saw it quite numerous at Saratoga Springs, thirty miles 

 north, and on the 8th at Glen, Warren Co., sixty-five miles W. of N. of 

 Albany. During the month of July a large number of the butterflies 

 were seen at CroAvn Point and Westport on Lake Champlain, and at the 

 latter place [a short distance northwest of Sudbury, Vt.] the garden cab- 

 bages were so utterly ruined by the larvae that they were pulled up and 

 fed to cattle ; . . . September 11,1 observed it abundantly at Utica, Oneida 

 Co., ninety-five miles west by rail. October 8, I saw larvae but no but- 

 terflies at Cherry Valley, Otsego Co., fifty miles westerly. The latter 

 part of July it was seen at Sharon Springs, forty-five miles west; while at 



