PIKIUNAE: PIKUIS RAPAE. 



1205 



PIERIS RAPAE— The cabbage butterfly. 



[The cabbage butterfly; tbi' iiiiportod cabba^'c Ijulteifly; Ibe Euioiican cabbage butterfly 

 (vHlg.); tbe small wbite (Eiiglisb); tbe rape butterfly (Minof); the garden white butterfly 



(Koss).] 



Papilio nipae Linn., Syst. nat., 10th ed., 

 468 (1758). 



Pieris rapae Schrank, Fauna boic-a. ii, i: 

 165 (1801);— Boisd., Spec. gin. Lfip., i: 520 

 (1836); — Bowles, Can. nat., n. «. i: 258-262 

 (1864);— Kitch., ibid., iii: 2!»3-300 (18()7) ;— 

 Min., Am. ent., ii:'5-"6, lisrs. 48-50 (1870);— 

 Bil., Rep. ins. Mo., ii: 107-110, figs. 77-79 

 (1870);— Eep. U. S. dcp. agric., 1883, 108-113, 

 pi. 1, figs. 1,1 a-d (1883);— GIov.. Rep. U. S. 

 dep. agric., 1870, 78-7!), fig. 36 (1871);— Fern., 

 Butt. Me., 29-31, figs. 5-7 (l.'^4) ;— French, 

 Butt. cast. U. S., 114-116, figs. 28-30 (1886);— 

 Mayn., Butt. N. Eng,, 47, pi. 5, figs. 63. G3a 

 (1886):— Scudd., Mem. Bost. see. nat. hist., 

 iv : 53-69, pi. 8 (1887). [Figured in all tbe re- 

 ports on noxious insects, issued by state and 

 national governments ] 



Pontia rffpae Fabr., 111. mag. ins., vi:283 

 (1807). 



Gannris rapae Dalm., Kongl. veteusk. akad. 

 handl., xxxvii:87 (1816);— Scudd., syst. rev. 

 Am. butt., 41 (1872). 



Catopkaffu rapae. Iliibn., Verz. bek. 

 Schmett., 93 (1816). 



Andropodum oorax rapae Hiil»n., Verz. 

 eur. schmett., 8 (1822). 



Figured also by Glover, 111. N. A. Lep., 

 pi. 100, fig. IS (2 figs.) ; pi. lOG.fig. 30 (3 figs.) ; 

 pi. I, fig. 14; pi. N, fig. 2 (ined.). 



PIERIS RAPAE METRA, 



The spring form. 

 Pontia metro Stepb., 111. Brit, ent., Haust., 

 i: 19-20, 14C-147 (1827). 



PIERIS RAPAE RAPAE. 



The summer type. 

 Pieris rapae, as above, with most of the 

 figures. 



PIERIS RAPAE NOVANGLIAE. 



The sulphur variety. 



Ganoris rapae var. novangliae Scudd., 

 Can. ent., iv : 79 (1872). 



Pieris rapae tmr. novangliae Scudd., Bull,, 

 See. ent. Fr., 1,S73, 57 (1873);— Streck., Lep,, 

 64, pi. 8, fig. 8 (1874). 



Fly, white butterflies, out to sea. 

 Frail pale wings for tbe wings to try, 

 Small white wings that we scarce can see 



Fly. 

 Here and there may a chance-caught eye 

 Note in a score of j'ou twain or three 

 Brighter or darker of tinge or dye. 

 Some fly light as a laugh of glee, 

 Some fly soft as a long, low sigh: 

 All to tile haven where each would be 

 Fly. 

 Swinburne. — A Century of Roundels. Envoi. 



Why, is not this a lament- 

 able thing, grandsire. that we should be thus 

 afllicted with these strange flies. 



Shakespeare.— ifomeo and Juliet. 



Imago (7:11, 12 ; 16 : 4, 5). Head covered above with mingled black, pale bluish 

 white and pale yellowish white hairs ; next the eye in front pale yellowish scales ; 

 behind the eye white-tipped black scales and hairs; sides of palpl white, the middle 

 joint with a median black streak; terminal joint black above, sometimes with a slen- 

 der, central white line, and furnished with a slender black stripe along the inferior 

 edge of the sides ; inferior fringe wholly white along the inner side, almost wholly 

 white at base of palpus, but becoming more and more mingled with equally long, black 

 hairs toward the tip on the outer side. Antennae ratlier narrowly black above, and in 

 a narrow line along the outer under surface, dying out toward the club ; along the inner 

 tinder surface a nearly continuous series of bare fuliginous spots, tapering toward the 

 tip of each joint; the rest white, narrowly interrupted with black at the tips of the 

 joints; club black, flecked with a few pale bluish white scales above, especially 

 toward the base, and with more beneath, the apical joint pale luteous, almost whitish. 



