1232 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



segment, the otliers slightly in advance of tlie middle. The tiiberele.s are perhaps 

 slightly larger on the thoracic segments, and especially the infrastigmatal tubercle 

 of the first segment (here become stigmatal) which is very prominent, mammiform. 

 There are no surface hairs. 



The two upper series of tubercles in the figure (72 : 7) should be of a more nearly 

 e<|ual size, farther apart and both at a lower situation. 



Mature caterpillar. Head small, rounded, subtjuadrate, of about equal height and 

 breadth. ISody nearly cylindrical, with a little tendency to a laterodorsal angle, taper- 

 ing considerably forwards on the thoi-acic segments, and a little larger on the anterior 

 abdominal segments than behind. From the second thoracic to the ninth abdominal 

 segments a pair of supr.alateral, tleshy tubercles, of uniform and not great elevation 

 from the sixth abdominal segment forward, behind this long and conspicuous, partic- 

 ularly on the ninth abdominal segment; the shorter ones are but little if any longer 

 than broad and very slightly appressed, the longer ones are distinctly appressed and are 

 straight or slightly curved, directed upward, backward and slightly outward; another 

 and sifprastigm.atal row of tleshy filaments, extending over the thoracic and first 

 abdominal segments in a slightly oblique course is more conspicuous, the filaments, 

 with the exception of that on the first abdominal segment, which resembles those of 

 the voM' above, l)eing very long and slender, and on the first thoracic segment exceed- 

 ingly long and flexible; the others are directed outward and curved forward, and are 

 a little longer than the segment bearing them ; there is a single inf rastigmatal filament 

 on the second abdominal segment, similar to those of the next row above, on the sec- 

 ond and third thoracic segments ; the third to the sixth abdominal segments have also 

 a long, outward directed tubercle at the base of the prolegs, curved a little down- 

 ward, and the seventh and eighth a similar one a little higlier on the side of the body. 



Chrysalis. Body very irregular in .shape, smooth, the abdomen occupying three- 

 lifths of the whole body. Viewed laterally, the anterior two-fifths of the body is 

 bent upward at an angle of about ao'^ with the posterior portion, as indicated by the 

 rounded bend of the lower surface just beyond the middle of the wings; the anterior 

 part of the lower surface is straight, tlie posterior very slightly concave. The upper 

 surface of the head is flattened, bounded by slight ridges, that in front depressed, and 

 separating it from the lower surface at an angle of about 70° ; this same ridge is 

 transversely a little concave or scarcely angular, connecting the apices of the ocellar 

 prominences, which are pyramidal, trigonal, large, divergent at nearly a riglit angle, 

 all the angles ridged, compressed and rugulose, the .anterior carina extending in a 

 double curve, notched in the middle to the most posterior portion of the head; the 

 posterior carina directed toward the middle of the mesonotum, at flrst not descend- 

 ing, making the ocellar prominence appear docked on a side view, then bent at a right 

 angle and afterwards resuming the slope as if it hati started from the apex; protho- 

 rax considerably hollowed, especially in front, separated by a cariuate ridge along its 

 whole anterior border from the parts in front. Mesothorax tumid, bearing in its 

 centre a very high, abrupt, pyramidal, trigonal, upward directed tubercle, bluntly 

 rounded at tip, its angles heavily carinated and rugulose aud rounded, the posterior 

 ones strongly arched and furnished at their base with a minute wart, the sides, espe- 

 cially the posterior face, hollowed, the summit rounded; the anterior slope of the 

 mesothorax continuous with th.at of the prothorax. and not so greatly .angulated with 

 that of the tubercle as the posterior slope, which is continuous with the anterior half 

 of the metathorax, where the body is considerably angulated. Viewed from above, 

 the sides of the mesothorax are straight and parallel, or diverge slightly in front, 

 as far as the basal wing tubercle; in front of that, to the base of the ocellar promi- 

 nences, the sides of the body taper slightly; the basal wing tubercle is large, promi- 

 nent, somewhat transverse but slightly pyramidal, trigonal, the posterior face 

 broadest, .appressed and nearly transverse, the anterior rounded, its carina obscure. 

 Viewed laterally the abdomen is nearly equal on its b.asal two-thirds, and beyond that 

 tapers regularly ; its superior curve is regular from the fourth segment backward, and in 

 advance of tliat the dorsal surface is straight; the flrst four segments are greatly ex- 



