1254 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



Egg. Siihspherical. about a fmii-th broader tliaii high, tho upper curve slightly 

 depressed above over a broad area, the base broadly truncate, fully as broad as the 

 heif^ht. Surface uniformly broken into faint, minute, polygonal cells. 



Caterpillar at birth. Head almost if not quite wholly free, transversely subquad- 

 rate, rounded a little above and rather flattened in front, broadest below. First 

 thoracic segment much larger than the head, the body increasing in size to the third 

 thoracic segment, beyond wliicli it tapers, at first more rapidly than afterwards, so that 

 the shape is nmch as in maturity ; the body is cylindrical, not augulated, and is furnished 

 with a laterodorsal series of tubercles, scarcely higher than broad, one to a segment 

 on the third thoracic and first to tenth abdominal segments ; the first and last three are 

 largest and all are provided with three or four rather long hairs, the centi-al longest, 

 all forked near the tip and the forks nearly at right angles to each other; there is a 

 similar lateral series from the second thoracic to the ninth abdominal segments inclu- 

 sive, bearing only a single bristle, also forked ; and a suprastigniatal series on the same 

 segments bearing several subeqnal simple bristles ; similar papillae with simple hairs 

 occur on the second thoracic segment where tliey are subdorsal and small, and on the 

 first thoracic at the outer limits of the osmaterial mouth where they are conspicuous 

 and compound ; and there is also an infrastigmatal series on all the segments of small 

 warts bearing simple hairs. Legs and prolegs of medium length. 



Mature caterpillar. Head moderately large, snbquadrate, domed, subtruncate 

 below, broadest just below the middle, the sutures scarcely depressed except at summit 

 and there cousiderably, the front appressed, scarcely convex, the cheeks full below, the 

 surface smooth and glistening, very sparsely furnished with minute hairs on minute 

 tubercles. Triangle almost as broad as high, but reaching half way up the front. 

 Antennae with the first joint very broad and short, low and conical, the second a 

 mere ring, the third cylindrical, slender, four times as long as broad, with an apical 

 ta))ering arcuate bristle half as long again, the fourth minute. Ocelli six in num- 

 ber, five in a cluster, of which four are equidistant on the strongly curving arc of a 

 quadrant of which the fifth is the centre, while the sixth, slightly smaller, lies on the 

 inferior aspect of the head as far below the cluster as the height of the cluster itself. 

 Clypeus scarcely emarginate. Labrum of moderate size, strongly and roundly and 

 rectangularly emarginate. Mandibles massive with entire convex edge. Last joint 

 of maxillary palpi minute, the penultimate larger than usual, cylindrical, nearly twice 

 as long as broad. 



Body bulky, bloated and tuberculate anteriorly on the second and third thoracic and 

 first abdominal segments, largest on the third tlioracic, again enlarged a very little on 

 the eighth and ninth abdominal segments, the body between gently tapering with tol- 

 erably well marked incisures and smooth. The tubercles, which are coriaceous, are 

 confined to slightly elevated, transverse ridges on the third thoracic and first abdomina\ 

 segments : and similar ridges but hardly tuberculate and much less conspicuous are 

 found on the dorsal portion of the fifth and sixth and at the posterior edge of the eighth 

 and ninth abdominal segments. The body is practically naked, but has microscopic hairs 

 sparsely scattered and is adorned with variegated patches and blotches and saddles of 

 darker and lighter colors. Spiracles moderate, oblong ovate, with sharp but stout 

 bounding ridges. Legs small, tlie front pair much smaller than the otliers, the claws 

 with a large iDasal tubercle. Prolegs very stout and fleshy, hardly tapering. 



Chrysalis. Very compact, not more than three times as long as broail ; in general, 

 the anterior extremity subtruncate, the posterior conical. Viewed laterally the chry- 

 salis is nearly straight, slightly curved downward posteriorly, the anterior half with 

 almost perfectly parallel straight upper and under surfaces, reaching from just behind 

 the ocellar and mesonotal processes to the end of the third abdominal segment ; in 

 front the anterior extremity is nearly straight and forms only a little less than a right 

 angle with the inferior surface and as much more than a right angle witli tlie superior; 

 but the trigonal mesonotal tubercle is produced forward and upward so as to disturb 

 the angle at this poiut. and the ocellar prominences to a less degree at their angle. 

 Vie\ve<l from above the ocellar prominences project forward and outward with a deep 



