1288 



THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



differences are at their lowest. By this, of course I do not mean black 

 or white butterflies, but aberrations from the normal type of coloring in a 

 given species, which can be signalized under these two terms. It would 

 therefore appear quite certain that climate has much to do with the pro- 

 duction of these strange aberrations, which seem so persistent that we are 

 tempted, however paradoxical it may sound, to characterize them as normal. 

 Pei'haps experimentation upon our common Eurymi under differing and 

 definite degrees of temperature and light during their larval stage may 

 show the way to a solution of the question. 



JASONIADES GLAUCUS.— The tiger swaUow-taiL 



[Tiger swallow-tail ((iosse); the swallow-tail (Packard) ; yellow swallow-tail (Maynard); 

 Turmis butterfly (Harris); Turmis papilioii (Emmons); Tiirnus swallow-tail (Saunders); large 

 yellow butterfly (Fitch) ; American swallow-tail (Fitch MSS.); great black swallow-tail butter- 

 fly (Abbot) ; black emperor swallow-tail (Gosse); glaucous butterfly (Fitch).] 



Papilio glaucus Linn., Syst. nat., lOlh ed., 

 460 (1758). 



Etiphoendes glaucus Scudd., Syst. rev. 

 Amer. butt., 44 (1872); Rep. geol. N. H., i: 

 359, pi. A, fig. 16 (1874). 



Jasoniarles glaucus Scudd., Butt., 181-182, 

 190, figs. 6, 153 (1881). 



Papilio turnus [D'Urb.], Can. nat. geol., 

 ii : 223-236, figs, c, d, pi. 3, fig.l (1857) ; D'Urb., 

 ibid., v: 87. 243 (I860);— Walsh, Proc. entom. 

 soc. Philad., i : 352 (1863) ;— Edw., Trans. Ainer. 

 ent. soc, ii : 207 (1808);— Pagenst., Verb. nat. 

 med. ver. Heidelb., n. f., i: 101-104 (1874);— 

 Saund., Can. ent., vi: 2-5, flgs. 1, 2 (1874); 

 lus. inj. fruits, 81-84, flgs. 80-82 (1883);— 

 Couper, Can. ent., vi: 91-92 (1874) ;— French, 

 Rep. ins. 111., vii: 139 (1878); Butt., 97-101, 

 figs. 17-19 (1886) ;— Middl., Repl ins. 111., x: 

 74-75 (1881);— Coq.. ib., 173 (laSl) ;— Gosse, 

 Trans. Linn. soc. Lond., (2) Zool., ii : 309-310, 

 pi. 30, figs. 12-15 (1883);- Fern., Butt. Me., 

 25-26, figs. 1-2 (1884);— Grub., Jen. zeitschr. 

 naturw., xvii: 470-471, pi. 7, figs. 7-11 (1884); 

 Pap., iv : 86-87, pi. 1, flgs. 7-11 (1884) ;— Mayn., 

 Butt. ISr. E., 51, pi. 6, flgs. 70, 70a (1886). 



Figured also by Glover, 111. N. A. Lep., pi. 

 2, fig. 4 (3 figs.) ; pi. A, figs. 1, 2, ined. 



JASONIADES GLAUCUS TURNUS. 



The homotypic form. 



Papilio antilochus Linn., Syst. nat., 10th 

 ed., 463 (1758);— .Jabl.-Herbst, Xatursyst. ins. 

 schmett., iii: 180-181 (1788) ;— God., Encyl. 

 m6th., i.-c: 19, 55 (1819);— Boisd., Spec. giSn. 

 L6p., i: 340 (1836). [Based on an artificial 

 specimen.] 



Papilio caudatus etc., Catesb., Nat. hist. 

 Carol., ii: 83, pi. 83 (1743) ;— Eisenb.-Licht.- 



Knorr, Catesb. abbild. fische u. s. w., 83, pi. 

 83 (1777). [Based on an artificial specimen.] 



Papilio turnvs Linn., Syst. nat., 12th ed., 

 ii: 5.36 (1767) ;— .labl.-Herbst. Natursyst. ins. 

 schmett., iii: 136-138, pi. 41, figs. 3-4 (1788);— 

 Abb., Draw. ins. Ga. Brit. Mus., vi, pi. 7, fig. 

 3, pi. 8, fig. 4; xvi: 16, tab. 274 (ca. 1800) ;— 

 Esp., Ausi. schmett., i: 19.5-197, pi. 48, fig. 1 

 (1801); — Pal. de Beauv., Ins. rec. Afr. AmiSr., 

 119, pi. Lep. 11 b, figs, 1. 1 (1805) ;— God. Eneycl. 

 m6th.. ix : 19, 55-56 (1819) ;— Say, Amer. entom., 

 iii, pi. 40 (1828) ; Entom. N. Amer., ed. LeConte, 

 i : 87-88, pi. 40 ( 1859) ;— Boisd.- LeC, Lip. Am6r. 

 sept., 19-22, pi. 6, fig. l,pl. 7, figs. 1-3 (1829) ;— 

 Boisd., Spec. g6n. Lip., i: 338-339 (1836);— 

 Kirb., Faun. bor. Amer., iv: 286 (1837);— 

 Gosse, Can. eut., 183 (fig.), 193,223,293(1840); 

 — Doubl., Arc. ent., i: 143 (1845) ; — Lucas, 

 Pap. exot., 35-36, pi. 18, fig. inf. (184.5) ;— Gray, 

 Catal. Lep. Brit. Mus. Pap., 24 (1852) ;— Emm., 

 Agric. N. Y., v : 201, pi. 38, fig. 3 (1854) ;— Fitch, 

 Rep. nox. ins. N. Y., iii : 23-24 (1859) ;— Harr., 

 Ins. inj. veg., 3d ed., 2&S-269, figs. 97-98 (1862) ; 

 — Morr., Syu. Lep. N. Amer., 1 (1862);— Lintn., 

 Proc. entom. soc. Philad., iii: 50-51(1864); — 

 Reak., Proc. entom. soc. Philad., vi : 124-126 

 (1806) ;— Saund., Can. ent., i : 53-54 (1869). 



Jasoniades tunius Hiibn., Samml. exot. 

 schmett., ii, Lep. i, Pap.ii, Gent, ii, Arch. A, 

 her. 2, figs. 1-2 (1820-1821). 



Papilio alcidamas Cram., Pap. exot., i: 62, 

 151, pi. 38, figs. A, B (1779). 



Papilio diurna etc. Catesb., Nat. hist. Carol., 

 ii: 97, pi. 97 (174.3);— Eisenb.-Licht.-Knorr. 

 Catesb. abbild. fische u. s. w., 97, pi. 97 



(1777). 

 Papilio prima etc. Mouf., Ins. theatr., 98, 



fig. (1634). 



