PAPIfclOKIXAE : JASONIADES GLAUCUS. 1299 



the curled leaves at the tips of the twigs. Lookiiis among the weeds around the 

 base of the tree, I there find the unfortunate larva, covered with ants biting it, and 

 clinging persistently to the tender underside and prolegs, and most of all to its mouth, 

 which seems filled with them. The worm is shrunk and wrinkled and appears almost 

 dead, lying motionless, yielding to its fate. I take it up and clear the ants off from 

 it, some of them clinging to its mouth so that they are torn in two rather than let go 

 their grip. I at last get them all off, and place it on the tree where its brother is, 

 where, released from its tormentors, it clings to the leaves, but an hour after, re- 

 turning to the tree, I find it f.<ilk'n to the ground. I replace it, and it has recovered so 

 that it begins to spin a web upon a leaf. A few hours after, I find it clinging to the 

 leaf, which the wind is agitating briskly, it being apparently recovered and is now 

 smooth and plump as its brother. 



It has the power of using its osmateria from birth, but it is not very free 

 with them ; when half grown, the odor from them seemed to me very faint 

 and to be not imlike that of spice bush (Benzoin) but somewhat acrid. 



INIr. Fletcher has reared the larva from an egg pressed from the oviduct 

 of tlie female, that is, artificially laid. 



Pupation. After the complete ejection of the contents of the alimentary 

 canal, previous to pupation, "the color of the body grows much darker, 

 becoming dark reddish brovrn, the sides nearly black" (Saunders) or to "a 

 dingy purple" (Gosse) ; I have described it as dull, dirty, velvety green 

 in front, grizzly green behind streaked laterally with fuscous. It now 

 deserts its home, and though previously of sluggish habits, "often travels, 

 and that with considerable rapidity, many yards or rods until it finds a suit- 

 able place for its protection while in chrysalis" (Edwards). 



Dr. Fitch notes of a chrysalis formed in captivity that it was 



attached to an apple leaf, with the thread girting it as usual. The tip of the leaf is 

 tied by silken threads to the next leaf above it on the same side of the stem, to fasten 

 it securely in its upright position, the worm evidently having foreseen that Its weight 

 would cause the leaf to lop down if not thus supported. 



Life history. In the north this insect is double brooded, but it is 

 triple brooded in the Gulf States, and doubtless only single brooded in the 

 high north and as far south as Lake Superior. It always hibernates in the 

 chrysalis ; in the south the butterflies of the different broods appear early in 

 April, the last of June and the last of August.* In New England and 

 the adjoining region, the first brood usually appears during the last week 

 of May, or in the northern half of the district the first week in June ; occa- 

 sionally it may be seen as early as the last days of May at the White 

 Mountains, and south of it by the middle of May, and Mr. Lintner once 

 records it at Schoharie, N. Y. on May 13. It becomes abundant in about 

 a week, when the first females appear, begins to grow less common after 

 the middle of the month and usually disappears shortly afber the first of 

 July, although in northern or elevated localities it may continue in scanty 



*It is found at Fort Capron (Schwarz) and males from Georgia (Oemler) taken as late 

 at Indian Kiver, Fla. (Palmer) as early as the as October 8, which looks like a fourth 

 last week in March, and I have seen fresh brood. 



