PAPILIONINAE : EUPHOEADES TROILUS. 1313 



trembling as if it liad the palsy ; then, when disturhetl, it will throw the 

 front half of its body about like a whip, lasliiug its sides with great 

 violence and fury, an operation which must most effectually drive away 

 many of its smaller foes at least. These points refer to its active move- 

 ments, but besides we have its curious habit of living upon the ex- 

 tremity of the uneaten midrib of the leaf upon which it is feeding ; its 

 construction of a pellet of riffraff, movable with every breath of wind, appar- 

 ently to distract attention from its presence ; its habit of retiring after feeding 

 (when a leaf no longer serves its purpose) to the twig of the plant upon 

 which it feeds, where it is less easily observed ; and its construction of a 

 complex hibcrnaculum in which it passes the winter, to secure which from 

 falling to the ground it securely enwraps the twig of the leaf of which it is 

 made with silken cords to the stem. 



Doubtless if the behavior of our other caterpillars had been followed 

 more closely, many would show devices as complicated, various and 

 interesting as those of Basilai'chia. I have not attempted to go outside 

 our own fauna, but here much more information is needed. We should 

 not fail, however, to mention the almost universal habit of caterpillars to 

 eat their cast skins, so as to remove from their immediate vicinity any 

 traces of their presence, a habit the more marked because I believe it is not 

 shared by any of those caterpillars which live in company, where the numbers 

 are so great that escape from observation would be impossible, and safety 

 lies only in their numbers. Nor have I alluded to the special protection 

 afforded to many of the Lycaeninae by the presence of their friendly ants, 

 nor to the osmateria or stench-throwers of the Papilioninae, by which they 

 are specially protected, since in both these instances these have their seat 

 in physiological processes, which are of a widely different nature from the 

 mere habits under discussion. 



EUPHOEADES TROILUS.— The green clouded swallow-tail. 



[Greeu clouded swallow-tail (Gosse); greeu spotted swallow-tail (Maynard) ; orauge spotted 

 swallow-tail (Ross) ; Troilus butterfly (Harris) ; laurel swallow-tail (D'Urb.au).] 



Papilio troilus Liun., Syst. nat., 10th ed., Catal. Lep. Brit. Mus., Pap., 23 (1856);— 



459 (17.38);— (pars) Cram., Pap. exot., iii: [D'Urb.] Can. n.it. geol., ii : 310-318, figs. a. b, 



2.5-26, ITG, pi. 207, figs. B, C (uot A) (1782); pi. 4, fig. 1 (18.57);— Gosse, Alab., 78 (1859);— 



— Jabl., Satursyst. m». schmett., il: 291-293, Harr., Ins. inj. veg., 3d. ed., 266-267 (18G2); 



pi. 20, fig. 2 (1784);— Pauz., Drur. abbild., Entom. corresp., 271-272, pi. 2, fig. 1, pi. 4, 



55-56, pi. 11, figs. 2, 3, 5 (17a5) ;— Abb., Draw. fig. 16 (1869) ;-Morr., Syn. Lep. N. Aiuer.. 5 



ills. Ga. Brit. Mus., vi:3, figs. 7, 8; 4, fig. 9 (1862);— Fekl., Spec. Lep. hue. descr., 28, 76 



(ca.l800);—E»p.,AusI. schmett., i: 21-23, pi. 3, (1864) ;— Lintii., Proc. entom. soc. Philad., 



fig. 2 (1801);— God., Eiicycl. m6th., ix:20, 60, iii: 51 (1864) ; — Pack., Guide ins., 247-248 



61, pl.7,fig.5(1819);— Boisd.-LeC.Lfp.Am^r. (18&8);— Sauiid., Can. ent., 1:73-74 (1869);— 



sept., 26-29, pi. 10, figs. 1-4 (1829);— Boisd., Pagenst., Verb. nat. med. ver. Heidelb., ii. f.. 



Spec. gen. L<;p., i : 334-335 (1836) ;— Lucas, L6p i: 89-90 (1874);— French, Rep. ins. III., vii: 



exot., 37-38, pi. 19, fig. inf. (184-5) ; — Gray, 138-139 (1878); Butt. east. U. S., 93-94 (1884); 



«6s 



