PAPILIONINAE : EinMIOEADES TROILUS. 1321 



in the Hocky Mountains north of our l)oun<l;iry, as far from its nearest 

 known neighl)ors as tiiey from tlu'ir distant Florida fricntls I The northern 

 limits arc approximately marked by the following localities : Racine, Wis., 

 "not rare" (Hoy) ; Chicago, 111. (Kiley) ; southern Michigan, "not 

 common" (Mus. Univ. Mich, and Harrington), Cleveland, Ohio, "com- 

 mon" (Kirkpatrick) ; Ontario, "not uncommon throughout the western 

 and southern portions" (Saunders) ; Essex Co., Dunnvillc, (Lowe), and 

 St. Catherines, Ont. (D'Urhan). Further east it fails in Canada, but 

 it occui's through all but tiic northern parts of Now York, being rare at 

 Schoharie, but rather common in Albany Co. (Lintner). 



In Now England its distribution accords perfectly with the foregoing, 

 for it is not an uncommon species in the three southern states, even in 

 Berkshire Co., Mass., and has been found north of Massachusetts as 

 follows: in New Hampshire at Milford (Whitney), Dublin (Faxon), 

 Suncook, "pretty common" (Thaxter) and A\^alpole (Smith) ; and in 

 Vermont at Sudbury, scarce (Scudder). 



Haunts. This buttei-fly is usually found in the vicinity of woods and 

 groves and, in the latter, particularly in damp open w^oods and about 

 marshy thickets. In the south, according to Doubleday, it is often seen 

 flying in company with L. philenor "on flowei-s of Cephalanthus occiden- 

 talis, Anona grandiflora, etc., and on the muddy roads." In the north, the 

 first brood seeks the blossoms of the lilac and of the laurel. 



Oviposition. The eggs are laid singly on the under surface of the 

 leaves far from the edge and on the apical half of the leaf ; the leaves 

 generally chosen appear to be such as arc near the tip of a shoot, yet not 

 the apical ones, and small trees or bushes are preferred. Miss C. Guild, 

 who has discovered a large number of the eggs of this species, tells me 

 that they are always found upon the under side of leaves, at least she has 

 seen but a single exception ; she also states that they occur most abund- 

 antly on small sassafras bushes, only one on a plant. Dr. Riley has also 

 always found them on the under side. On the other hand. Dr. Wittfeld, 

 in Florida, says they are deposited on the tips of the upper surface of the 

 red bay. Their period has not been determined, excepting in Florida 

 where Mr. Wittfeld found that they hatched in four days : in the north it 

 is certainly longer than that. 



Food plants. Lauraceae form the ordinary food of this caterpillar ; 

 the spice Itush, Benzoin odorifcrura Nees, is most commonly chosen, then 

 the sassafras. Sassafras officinale Nees. It has also been found occasion- 

 ally on plants of other great divisions, some far removeil from these. 

 Thus Wittfeld says that in Florida it feeds upon the red I)ay, Magnolia 

 glauca, one of the Magnoliaccae, Mr. Riley tells me that William Muir 

 has found it on the prickly ash, Xanthoxylum americanum, one of the 

 Rutaceae. According to Mr. Lintner it has been found on wild cherry, 



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