IlKSPERU)!: TIIORYBES PYLADES. 1441 



but it has been found much farther north, as in Wisconsm "common" 

 (Hoy), Ncpigonrarc (Fletcher, Scudder), Fort Ellis, Manitoba (Geddcs), 

 Duftcrin (Dawson), Heart River Crossing, Dak. (Allen), and other local- 

 ities in Dakota (Edwards), and even at the mouth of the Saskatchewan 

 River, Lake Winncpeg (Scudder). As regards its western extension 

 the latter points in Dakota and on the Saskatchewan would perhaps 

 mark its limits in the north were it not that it is found in Vancouver Island 

 (British Museum, Fletcher). South of Vancouver Island it has not been 

 noted until central Caliibrnia is reached, where it has been found at Gilroy 

 (Behrens) and other localities (H. Edwards, de I'Orza), at Truckee, 

 Sierra Nevada (]\IcGlashan) and further south at San Diego (W. H. Ed- 

 wards) . It appears to be wanting in all the great Rocky Mountain region 

 excepting along its southern margin where it has been brought from Mount 

 Trumbull and Beaver Mountain in Utah (Palmer) and from New Mexico 

 (Snow). But it is not again recorded in passing eastward until we reach 

 Texas, where it is found at Dallas (Boll), and eastern Kansas (Snow). 

 Notwithstanding that it is represented in the south by a commoner species, 

 it is knowTi along our border quite as far as it, reaching southern Texas 

 (Aaron), though no specimens have been seen from Mexico, where the 

 southern species occurs. It has been brought from Florida, from points 

 further south than any recorded for T. bathyllus, having been found in 

 Apalachicola (Chapman), and brought from St. John's River, St. Agus- 

 tine and even Indian River by Dr. Palmer, and fi-om there northward is 

 found along the whole Atlantic coast. 



It has been found everywhere in New England in abundance from Nan- 

 tucket and Connecticut in the south to the White Mountains and Maine in 

 the north, in elevated stations as well as on the plains, but though very 

 common in Maine according to Fernald and Miss Wadsworth, it has not 

 yet been reported to the eastward in New Brunswick or Nova Scotia. 



Oviposition. The eggs are laid on the under side of leaves ; in the 

 case of clover leaves, usually near the middle, a single egg to a stalk. They 

 hatch in from five to ten days or perhaps longer in the latter part of June, 

 the shortest period I have known being about four hours less than five days, 

 the longest possibly twelve days, perhaps not more than eleven from an un- 

 certainty of the exact day of laying. The ordinary time is about six days. 

 Nothing would seem more hopeless than a hunt in a clover field for eggs 

 of this butterfly, but in the proper season they may be found ^vith the great- 

 est ease after a little practice. 



Food plant. The caterpillar probably feeds on almost any of the Le- 

 guminosae, but its common food appears to be Trifolium and Lespedeza. 

 The common red and white clovers, T. pratense and T. repens, seem to be 

 most sought. I have taken the caterpillar (as have others) on Lespedeza 

 capitata and L. hirta, and Edwards obtained eggs from a female enclosed 



iSi 



