HESPEKIDI: TIIK GENUS TIIANAOS. 1453 



qucntlyon Ciipulit'onto aiul SnliiMci'ac ami cmii on lianiinculat'eac, llaiiui- 

 melaccae and C"lRMU)|)()(liaceac in tliis cDiiiitrv and on Cruciferac and 

 Unibcllifcrae in Eurupe ;* l)e.sides tliuse mentioned under the different 

 species below, undetermined kinds have liecn found by Dr. Chapman upon 

 other plants of the same family, siieh as Lespedeza hirta Ell., Sesbania 

 vescicaria Ell., Clituriamariana Ijiiiu. and Centrosema virginianum Benth ; 

 I have foimd eggs of one species on liobinia. 



The insects appear to change to chrysalis within the last larval nest or 

 in another entirely similar one constructed for the purpose, but in cither 

 case the nest is more perfectly closed. 



Of the butterflies the female is always less abundant and seldom or never 

 leaves its natural liaunts, — overgrown recent clearings or the thickets and 

 woods themselves ; while the male is more fond of tiie neighboring roads, 

 playing about damp spots and resting witii spread wings, with a tame- 

 ness apparently (juite foreign to its nature in the thickets. In the woods, 

 these insects roam about with a jerky Hight, never far from the ground but 

 with so uncertain a movement and such frequent changes of course that 

 they are rather hard to capture, and the nature of their haunts among the 

 thickets does not lessen the difficulty. They skip into this and that 

 corner and natural arbor as if on the search for wliat was going on ; ap- 

 parently about to alight on every stick they meet, they seem to find it 

 unsatisfactory as soon as reached and avoid it with a start. How they 

 manage to fly with such irregularity and speed through dense shrubbery 

 is hard to understand. They do not often seek the juices of flowers but 

 are occasionally taken on those of everlasting. 



When resting at night they close their wings quite in the manner of a 

 noctuid moth. Frohawk once found the European tages asleep on a grass 

 head (87: -2) the fore wings entirely covering the hind pair and sloping 

 like the roof of a liouse ; the head at the same time was bowed so as to 

 touch the grass and the antennae were bent back parallel with the costal 

 margin of the wings. The colors of the butterfly were wonderfully similar 

 to those of the grass head, and coupled with the position assumed on the 

 brown tuft was a remarkable and perfect disguise. 



The eggs are very short, sugar-loaf shaped, with a moderate number of 

 vertical ribs throughout their length. They are laid singly, sometimes 

 upon the upper, sometimes on the under surface of leaves, on the stems of 

 plants, or as Boisduval says is the case with T. tages of Europe, under the 

 petioles of the leaves. The larvae are exceedingly sluggish in habits, 

 with strongly constricted collar, large head, phunp and somewhat arched 

 body, pale green or yellow, with a few longitudinal stripes of different 

 shades of the same color and a concolorous dorsal shield on the first tho- 

 racic segment. The chrysalids are not so stout as in the preceding genera 



* Stoll' figures a South American species on a Solaiium. 



