IlESPERIDI: IIESPERIA MONTIVAGA. 1541 



sin, in 8ome years abundant (Hoy), nortiicrn Illinois (Wortliin^ton). Es- 

 sex County, Ont., several specimens (Lowe), Staten Island (Davis), 

 and southern New York (Edwards). It has been found in considerable 

 abundance in Maryland (AVeidemcycr) and at Ilarrisburg, Penn. (Shurt- 

 letl'), although it is said to be rare at Cincinnati, Ohio (Dury). In 

 the Rocky Mountain region it has been taken in various localities in Colo- 

 rado, where it is common at low elevations (Snow), in Montana (Cones) 

 and Dakota (Morrison), in Utah at Salt Lake and American Fork 

 Canon (Scudder) and Summit Canon (Packard), in southern L^tah, 

 especially St. George (Palmer), in New Mexico and Arizona (Snow), 

 and at Truckec, Nev. (McGlashan). On the Pacific coast it occurs abun- 

 dantly in all of southern California, but how far north it is found I 

 have no means of saving. Besides its range throughout the south- 

 ern United States, it extends into Mexico, at the border of which, in 

 Texas, it is mentioned by Lintner and Aaron. I have seen specimens 

 from Putta, 150 miles from Oaxaca in the tierra calida, and I thought I 

 had formerly had them from Cuba, but an examination of all I now have 

 from there proves them to be either H. syrichtus or H. crisia. 



Its occurrence near the mouth of the Hudson gives it its only claim for 

 introduction among New England butterflies. 



Food plants. Abbot states that a caterpillar bred by him fed upon 

 "wild tea," a species of Sida, one of the Malvaceae; Riley obtained the 

 caterpillar figured in our plate from a species of Malva, and Prof. E. A. 

 Popenoe obtained it on hollyhocks (Althaea) and Indian mallow, Abutilon 

 avicennae, all members of the same family. 



Life history, etc. It appears to be triple brooded in the extreme 

 south, probably wintering as a chrysalis. According to Popenoe the eggs 

 are laid on the upper surface of leaves. The very meagre data at hand 

 lead rae to conjecture that the first brood of butterflies appears toward 

 the middle of April, and continues on the wing until June and part way 

 through that month ; the second, after twelve days in the chrysalis (Abbot) , 

 early in June, continuing to emerge until perhaps the middle of July 

 and flying well into August ; Popenoe reared one July 12 in Kansas 

 after eight days in chrysalis ; while the third and most abundant appears 

 late in August and until toward the middle of September, flying through 

 October. The full grown caterpillar has been found in September and 

 November. It is therefore upon the wing from early spring until au- 

 tumn, as Grote expressly says. 



Abbot says it is to be met with in the oak woods and fields in Georgia 

 and is not common there. Putnam says that in Colorado he found it fly- 

 ing swiftly up and down the roads close to the ground, and very difficult 

 to capture. Abbot's caterpillar in pupation, "spun itself up in the leaves. "^ 



I have never in recent years seen the present species in nature, but the 



