THE TRIDE rAMPIIILIDI. 1647 



unusual size. This complicated structure is always found in all the species 

 of tiie same genus but it does not always occur in neighboring genera, 

 otherwise closely allied. 



The prevailing colors of the butterflies of this tribe are tawny and black 

 or brown, marked also, but often feebly, with pale, sometimes vitreous, 

 spots, "the color being generally so disposed," remarks Westwood (Geu. 

 diurn. lep., ii : 521), "as to leave a row of spots near the apical margin 

 of the fore wings." He adds : "the colors in the female, moreover, are 

 brighter than those of the male" ; but the opposite is rather the case. The 

 antennae are generally rather short and are provided with a short club, 

 which usually attenuates rapidly and then bears a slender prolongation, re- 

 curved at about right angles ; but there are a few genera in which the crook 

 is wanting or very slight. There is very little variety in the form of the 

 wings ; the front wings are generally somewhat pointed and the hind 

 pair are rounded, never tailed nor scalloped. Their flight is not so 

 swift, nor generally so straight as in the Hesperidi, but still it ia 

 very rapid and strong and has more of the jerky, restless, uncertain 

 motion which has gained the name of skippers for the group. 



Habits of the butterfly. In repose, they hold their wings in the 

 peculiar posture already alluded to, — the hind wings horizontal, the fore 

 wings raised at a decided angle, their edges upon the plane of the former. 

 Trimen remarks of the European Augiades sylvanus that it always rests 

 with all the wings erect when alarmed at a passing object, in a shower of 

 rain , or when resting for the night ; and this I believe to be generally true 

 of all the Pamphilidi, and they often take this attitude when they first 

 alight upon a flower ; it is mainly when sunning themselves that the char- 

 acteristic heterotropic attitude is assumed. 



They delight in the hottest sun and Harris is certainly mistaken in saying 

 that they prefer "cool and shady places and most commonly appear on 

 the wing toward the evening, which led Fabricius to give them a generic 

 name indicative of this circumstance" (Ins. inj. Veg., 313). Such a 

 statement refers tliroughout far better to the Hesperidi than the Pamphilidi. 

 A large proportion of the species, in our northern states at least, are single 

 brooded, and most of them hibernate either as mature caterpillars or in the 

 chrysalis and fly in June ; but in the south most, even of the species else- 

 where single brooded, become digoneutic or polygoneutic. None, so far as 

 is known, winter as butterflies, but some are known to hibernate in the 

 egg, and others in all probability in the younger stages of the caterpillar. 



UUyett describes the method of oviposition of the European Augiadea 

 sylvanus as follows (Ent. monthl. mag., v : 129) : — 



She flew from one stem of grass to another several times, as If she were rather par- 

 ticular in her selection, and having found a suitable one, she slid gently down it. The 

 movement was so easily yet so quickly done, that I could scarcely see whether it was 



