1674 THE BUTTERFLIES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



curving series of pale tawny spots, usually paler in the female than in the male, extending 

 from the costal border to the siibmedian iiervure; it consists, first, of a set of three, occa- 

 sionally four, closely connected longitudinal, equal spots, depending at about right angles 

 from a little beyond the middle of the outer half of the costal border, forming a common 

 spot full}' half as broad as long, divided by the dark nervules; second, of two minute, 

 roundish, or lunate spots just beyond the middle of the interspaces beyond the cell ; and 

 third, of a set of four irregular, varying spots, the general outer limit of which runs sub- 

 parallel to the outer border at fully two interspace's distance from it ; the upper spot, at 

 the base of the upper median interspace, is triangular and usually distinct in botli sexes ; 

 the others are distinct only in the ? , where that in the lower median interspace is squar- 

 ish, its middle just below the inner limit of the spot above; while that in tlie medio- 

 submedian interspace is double, irregular and variable in shape, but nearly always 

 constricted in the middle of the interspace, and more or less regularly expanded above, 

 the lower portion tending to lie nearer the base than theupper; these spots, in tlie $ , not 

 only have their outer margin more obscurely defined than In the $ , but their inner bor- 

 der is wholly lost, since the spots merge in the tawny colors of the whole middle of the 

 wing; for in this sex the whole base of the wing is darls tawny, occasionally so far as 

 to include also the upper spots of the series just mentioned, but excepting always 

 the interspaces beyond the cell, and generally, also, the part lying directly above them, 

 altliough the latter often shows lines of tawny between the dark nervules; within this 

 space the nervures are delicately marked with dark brown, and the nervures in the basal 

 fourth broadly bordered with the same. The discal patch (43 : 16) consists of a long, 

 moderately slender, slightly arcuate stripe, extending from the last divarication of the 

 median to the middle of the basal two-thirds of the submedian nervure ; it is about half 

 as broad as the cell, and about nine times as long as broad; it is composed of small, 

 closely compacted, suberect, iridescent, blackish scales, increasing in size toward the 

 base, and along nearly the whole extent of its lower border exhibits a slender cleft in 

 which are silvery, cinereous or bull' scales; it is accompanied along nearly or quite the 

 whole of its inferior border by a slender, rounded cloud of dusky, suberect scales, 

 mingled with tawny ones; the cloud varies in width, but is usually about as broad as 

 the patch. In the ? , on the basal half of the wing, the extremity of the cell is occupied 

 by a squarish spot, similar in general appearance and color to the outer spots, and the 

 •whole base of the wing, especially along the costal margin to its middle, along the inner 

 margin to the outer limits of the medio-submedian spot and on eitlier side of the sub- 

 costal and median nervules halfway to the tip of the cell, rather heavily powdered with 

 tawny. Outer margin delicately edged with blackish. Fringe pale on the lower half of 

 the wing, tinged with yellow ; on the upper half pale cinereous, becoming gradually 

 more infuscated toward its base; it is usually duskier in the 9 tlian in the $. Hind 

 wings crossed in the middle of the outer two-thirds or three-fifths by a moderately broad, 

 curving, pale tawny band — paler in ? than in $ — composed of nearly equal quadrate 

 spots, slightly longer than broad, separated only by the dark nervules; it extends from 

 the upper subcostal to the middle of the medio-submedian interspace, and tlie spot in 

 the interspace beyond the cell is removed slightly beyond the others, noticeable mostly 

 in following the interior limits of the band ; there is also a small round spot of similar 

 color, sometimes obsolete, at the bottom of the cell just opposite the origin of the first 

 branch of the median nervure, and the whole lower half of the wing, exceptiug near the 

 margin is covered with tawny hairs. In the $ the tawny spot and band are usually 

 connected so as to form a large discal patch, more or less infuscated along the sides of 

 the nervures in the basal half of the wing and, on all sides, having its limits vaguely 

 defined and outwardly often approaching the border along the nervules; yet at other 

 times the markings altogether resemble those of the ? . Fringe like the lower half of 

 that of the fore wings. 



Beneath cinnamoneous, sometimes with a fulvous tinge, the markings on the upper 

 surface of the $ repeated beneath in both sexes, as whitish or pale yellow spots, more 

 commonly the former on the hind wings; on the /ore wings, the spots in the lower 

 median and medio-submedian interspaces are usually combined into a large, common. 



