PAMPHILIDI: ANTHOMASTER LEONAEDUS. 1677 



the bottom, some on the sides of tlie box ; hittei-ly I have obtained very 

 many from eonfined females on grass, where, also, the attachment was so 

 light that the blades had to be cut with scissors to prevent their falling to 

 the ground when the grass was plucked. They hatch in from fifteen to 

 twenty days and are often twelve hours in eating their way out of the sliell. 



Food and habits of the caterpillar. The caterpillar feeds readily on 

 common grasses, but when hatched does not construct a nest at once, but 

 wanders about upon the blades. Apparently they winter before moulting 

 in New England, as I have never been able to carry one beyond this stage ; 

 specimens placed in a refrigerating house were dead in the spring. 



Life history. Perhaps its variation in abundance is due to the fact that it 

 is single brooded and hibernates in the caterpillar state while still quite young. 

 How early in the spring it begins again to feed and how long it remains 

 in the summer time in the chrysalis is unknown, but the caterpillars are 

 unquestionably slow feeders, since the butterfly does not appear until the 

 latter part of August, generally between the 20th and the 23d, occasion- 

 ally as early as the 17th ; the female usually appears nearly a week later, 

 and individuals continue to emerge from chrysalis until the end of the first 

 week of September ; it has usually disappeared before the end of Septem- 

 ber. Eggs are laid at least during the first three weeks of September and 

 are hatched in fifteen to twenty days. Of course the caterpillars must soon 

 seek winter quarters. In Florida worn individuals — even males — may be 

 found in INIarch or April ; perhaps these have hibernated, but it may well 

 be that the seasons are different there, or the species double brooded. 



Desiderata. It is particularly desirable that the history and habits of 

 this insect should be traced after it has left the egg ; special inquiry should 

 be directed toward the nature of its winter quarters and the duration of the 

 chrysalis stage. How do its seasons differ in the south ? The parasites of 

 the insect, the natural food jjlant of the larva, and the characteristics of the 

 flight and postures of the butterfly should also be studied. 



LIST OF ILLUi,TBATIONS.— ANTHOMASTER LEONARD UK 



General. Imago. 



PI. 31, fig. 2. Distribution in North America. PI. 10, fig. 12. Female, upper surface. 



Egg. 14. Male, both surfaces. 



PI. 66, fig. 33. Outline. 13:11. Male, both surf aces, in blacli. 



69:11. Micropyle. 37:26. Male abdominal appendages. 



Caterpillar. 42:15. Neuration. 



PI. 73, fig. 10. Caterpillar .at birth I plain. 43:16. Discalstigmaof fore wing of male. 



77:32,33. Caterpillar in stages i, ii ; col- 51:1. Scales of the discal stigma. 



ored. 59: 7. Side view of head and appendages 



80: 66-67. Front views of head, stages i, ii. enlarged, with details of leg structure. 



