NYMPHALIDAE : SATYRINAE. 



1781 



COENONYMPHA HIJBNER. 



Coenonyrapha Hiibn., Verz. bek. schmett., (15 Chortobius Gueii., 

 (ISKi). 2a ed. (1859). 



Doub)., List. Brit. Lep., 



Imago. Head not large, broadly tumid and protuberant in front, especially below, 

 above much depressed, transversely and deeply sulcate in front of the antennae, the 

 ■whole face slightly broader than high. Antennae deeply inserted, the stalk of each 

 scarcely nearer the side of the eye than its neighbor, very slender, about as long as the 

 abdomen, composed of about thirty-three or thirty-four joints of which about eleven 

 form the distinct club, tricarinate beneath, only the middle carina distinct, which 

 increases gradually in size on the first three or four joints, beyond which it is equal, 

 more than twice as stout as the stalk, terminating by the naked apical two joints in 

 an abruptly rounded tip ; in the middle of the stalk the joints are three times as long as 

 broad, in the middle of the club the reverse. Palpi very slender and long, heavily 

 fringed in a compressed plane beneath, the last joint excessively slender and unusually 

 long, being fully half as long as the middle joint though scarcely a third its diameter. 

 Eyes pretty large, full, naked. 



Form of wings much as in Neonympha, with which it agrees in neuration, except in 

 wanting the precostal nervure of the hind wings, beyond the merest spur, arising 

 beyond and not at the divarication of the costal and subcostal nervures. 



Fore legs excessively small , the tibiae not one-third the length of the hind tibiae ; tarsi 

 not one-half so long as the tibia, composed In the male apparently of a single unarmed 

 joint. Hind tibiae slightly longer than hind femora. Legs cylindrical, a little flattened 

 beneath; tibiae and tarsi divided, clothed and armed almost exactly as in Neonympha. 



Clasps of male abdominal appendages forming exceedingly slender, straight, elongate 

 blades. 



Egg. Broadly truncate pyriform in shape, broadest near the middle of the basal 

 half, above the broadest portion with numerous slightly elevated, vertical ribs united 

 by tolerably frequent cross lines and terminating at the rim of the summit which is 

 two-thirds as broad as the egg; below broadly convex. 



Caterpillar at birth. Head large, rounded, with a dozen clubbed bristles like those 

 of body on each hemisphere, symmetrically disposed. Body tapering slightly and with 

 great regularity from the head to the tail, the last segment with two posterior, conical 

 projections, one on either side. Several series of short, equal, rather coarse, clubbed 

 bristles, not half so long as the segments, seated on small papillae, arranged in an- 

 terior subdorsal, posterior supralateral and median laterostigmatal series, one to a 

 segment on all the segments, slightly altered on the thoracic, and a ventro-stigmatal 

 series, two to a segment on the abdominal, one to a segment on the thoracic segments. 



Mature caterpillar. Very long and slender, the head rounded and barely broader 

 than the body, the latter uniform, tapering a very little on the terminal abdominal 

 segments, clothed with the briefest possible pile, consisting of minute hairs on minute, 

 profusely scattered papillae; abdominal segments divided into si.x sections of which 

 all but the anterior section are equal, that almost twice as large as the others. Last 

 abdominal segment with terminal forks shorter or no longer than the body of the last 

 segment. Prolegs very short. 



Chrysalis. Closely resembling that of Cercyonis, but much shorter and with fuller 

 outlines. 



Coenonympha contains a goodly number of species, all of which are 

 found in the north temperate zone and particularly in the higher latitudes 

 or altitudes. It is also far more richly represented in the Old World than 

 in the New and in the latter is almost altogether confined to the western 



